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plant-level planning

Толкование Перевод

1 plant-level planning

Автоматика: планирование на уровне предприятия

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > plant-level planning
2 plant-level planning

планирование на уровне предприятия

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > plant-level planning
3 planning

планирование; проектирование; разработка; подготовка ( производства)

planning workholding in CAD/CAM — автоматизированное проектирование крепёжной оснастки ( для станков) с помощью системы CAD/CAM

- a priori test planning
- capacity planning
- cell capacity planning
- computer-aided process planning
- computer-aided production planning
- computer-assisted operation sequence planning
- computer-assisted process planning
- cutter-path planning
- design planning
- detailed planning of processing
- disaster planning
- FMS production planning
- FMS workload planning
- forward planning
- generative process planning
- inspection planning
- installation planning
- interactive process planning
- layout planning
- long range planning
- machine shop planning
- manufacturing planning
- manufacturing resource planning
- materials requirement planning
- motion planning
- motor deceleration planning
- on-line planning
- on-line production planning
- operations planning
- path planning
- plant-level planning
- preproduction planning
- process planning
- production planning
- research planning
- robot planning
- strategy planning
- systematic layout planning
- task planning
- technology planning
- technology process planning
- test planning
- tool requirements planning
- trajectory planning
- treatment planning
- up-front planning

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > planning
4 system

1) система

2) установка; устройство

•

to get the system on-stream — вводить систему в действие

- 2D CAD system
- 2D design system
- 2-D draughting system
- 2D milling CAM system
- 3 nonsimultaneous axes control system
- 3D CAD system
- 3D design system
- 3D milling CAM system
- 3-D surface-modeling system
- 3-D system
- abrasive waterjet cutting system
- absolute control system
- absolute dimension measuring system
- accident-protection system
- accountancy system
- accounting data system
- ACO system
- acoustic feedback control system
- acquisition system
- active enclosure system
- adaptable system
- adaptive CNC system
- adaptive control constraint system
- adaptive control system
- adaptive pulsing system
- adaptive robot system
- add-on NC programming system
- administrative information data system
- administrative information system
- ADR system
- advanced command data system
- advanced data analysis system
- advanced data display system
- advanced display system
- advanced integrated data system
- advanced interactive debugging system
- advanced management information system
- advisory system
- AGV system
- air flotation system
- air-bearing system
- air-cooling system
- air-delivery system
- air-gaging system
- airlock system
- air-oil mist lubrication system
- air-plasma arc-profiling system
- air-purge system
- alarm system
- all-enveloping guard system
- analog computing system
- analog recording system
- angstrom-positioning system
- antideflection system
- antilock brake system
- antisag system
- application-specific system
- APT generating expert system
- Archimedes system
- array system
- AS/RS system
- assembly management system
- assembly system
- attitude display system
- autolube system
- automated communications and messages processing system
- automated design and optimization of control system
- automated design system
- automated digital design system
- automated industrial management system
- automated information data system
- automated information dissemination system
- automated information retrieval system
- automated inventory distribution system
- automated machining system
- automated management information system
- automated management system
- automated measuring system
- automated parts input-output system
- automated reliability and maintenance management system
- automated storage control system
- automatic alignment-and-centering system
- automatic call distribution system
- automatic CAM system
- automatic chuck-changing system
- automatic data acquisition system
- automatic data distribution system
- automatic data system
- automatic diagnostic-and-recovery system
- automatic display plotting system
- automatic distributive numerical control system
- automatic fixturing system
- automatic gaging-and-compensating system
- automatic measurement-and-compensation system
- automatic message accounting system
- automatic message distribution system
- automatic pallet storage/retrieval system
- automatic program transfer system
- automatic record evaluation system
- automatic telemetry system
- automatic test analysis system
- automatic test system
- automatic testing, evaluating and reporting system
- automatic tool cassette changer system
- automatic tool retraction system
- automatic tool retraction/correction/reentry system
- automatic tool wear/tool broken sensing system
- automatically taught system
- automation system
- autonomous system
- autopatch system
- AWS system
- axis drive system
- axis motor system
- axis-stopping system
- backlash-free friction system
- back-to-back system
- balance system
- balanced system of forces
- balanced system
- bar feed system
- bar pulling system
- bar pusher system
- barring coding system
- base coordinate system
- base data system
- base file system
- base operating information system
- basic disk operating system
- basic hole system
- basic input/output system
- basic NC system
- basic programming system
- basic shaft system
- batching system
- batch-machining system
- battery system
- BCC management information system
- beam delivery system
- belt turnover system
- belt twist system
- binary system
- binary vision system
- biped robotic system
- block-tool system
- block-type tool change system
- bonded stores system
- boring system
- bought-in control system
- brake system
- branch information system
- breakaway system
- breathing system
- broad system of ordering
- BTA deep-hole-drilling system
- BTA-style deep-hole-drilling system
- bug-free system
- building block system
- bulk system
- business information system
- buy-and-plug-in system
- C/C system
- cable and hose carrying system
- CAD access system
- CAD system
- CAD/CAM system
- CAD/CAM/CAE and product data management system
- CAD/CAM/CAE system
- CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- CADAR system
- CAD-integrating system
- CAD-only system
- CAE system
- CAE/CAD/CAM system
- CAG system
- CAM system
- cam-and-lever system
- capacitance-based measuring system
- CAPP system
- capture system
- carrierband system
- cart/pallet transfer system
- Cartesian coordinate system
- cassette jaw-change system
- cell control system
- cell management system
- cell-type system
- cellular manufacturing system
- central analog data distributing and controlling system
- central automatic message accounting system
- central storage system
- centralized control system
- centralized coolant and extractor system
- centralized swarf conveying system
- centralized swarf removal system
- chain conveyor system
- check system
- checking system
- checkout system
- chiller system
- chip conveyor system
- chip guard system
- chip-evacuation system
- chuck/chuck jaw changing system
- chucking system
- chuck-jaw system
- chuck-loading system
- CIM system
- circular monitoring system
- circular part-processing system
- circulating lubrication system
- circulating oil system
- circulation system
- clamping system
- closed cooling system
- closed loop control system
- closed loop machine control system
- closed loop size control system
- closed loop system
- closed-proprietary system
- CM system
- CNC hardware system
- CNC machine tool system
- CNC programming system
- CNC system
- CNC transfer system
- CNC-ACC system
- CNC-control system
- coherent system of units
- collecting system
- collet pad top jaw system
- combined cooling system
- combined production system
- command-line NC system
- commercial vision system
- communication system
- companion system
- comprehensive power measurement system
- computer analysis and design system
- computer automation real-time operating system
- computer data communication system
- computer NC system
- computer system
- computer vision system
- computer-aided design support system
- computer-aided dispatch system
- computer-aided gaging system
- computer-aided programming system
- computer-aided telemetry system
- computer-aided test system
- computer-assisted command system
- computer-assisted message processing system
- computer-assisted microfilm retrieval system
- computer-assisted operation sequence planning system
- computer-automated machine-tool system
- computer-automated test system
- computer-based management system
- computer-based message system
- computer-controlled materials-handling system
- computer-controlled system
- computer-coordinated measuring system
- computer-directed swing-arm tool-changing system
- computer-driven control system
- computer-hosted manufacturing system
- computer-integrated manufacturing system
- computer-integrated system
- computerized information retrieval system
- computerized machine control system
- computerized manufacturing system
- computerized numerical control system
- computerized production control system
- computerized shopfloor data collection system
- computer-oriented production management system
- computer-oriented system
- computing system
- concurrent force system
- conductor system
- conservative system
- constant delivery system
- constant volume system
- constant-contact scanning system
- constraint satisfaction system
- continuous feedback control system
- continuous flow system
- continuous-path CNC system
- continuous-path control system
- contouring control system
- contouring system
- controlled path system
- controlling system
- conventional ACC system
- conversational analysis and drafting system
- conveying system
- conveyor system
- conveyoring system
- conveyorized work-handling system
- coolant clarification system
- coolant laundering system
- coolant mist system
- coolant recirculating system
- coolant recovery system
- coolant recycling system
- coolant supply system
- coolant-circulating system
- coolant-thru-body system
- cooling system
- coordinate drive system
- coordinate system
- coprocessor board system
- copymill control system
- corporate information and office system
- coupling system
- CPS system
- CRT control system
- CRT system
- customer-oriented system
- customized FMS control system
- cut-piece transfer system
- cycloidal tooth system
- data base management system
- data communication system
- data control system
- data input management system
- data management system
- data origination system
- data processing system
- data retrieval system
- data transfer system
- datum system for geometrical tolerancing
- datum system
- DDM system
- decentralized DNC system
- decision enabling system
- decision support system
- dedicated production system
- deep-hole-drilling system
- defect-free machining system
- delivery system
- demand pull flexible system
- demand push flexible system
- departmental management system
- descaling system
- design coordinate system
- design support system
- design-automation system
- design-for-manufacturing system
- design-with-feature system
- desk-top publishing system
- deterministic system
- dexel-based system
- diagnostic communication control system
- diagnostic computer control system
- dialog system
- diamond-lapping system
- digital readout system
- digitizing system
- digitizing/data capture system
- dimensional verification system
- direct impingement starting system
- direct lubrication system
- direct NC system
- discrete-continuous system
- dispatcher system
- distributed computer system
- distributed mass-spring system
- distributed microprocessor system
- distributed processing system
- distributed quality system
- distributed system
- distributive numerical control system
- DNC flexible machining system
- DNC machine control system
- DNC machine tool control system
- DNC system
- DNC/FM system
- document processing system
- document retrieval system
- document search system
- domain-expert system
- Doppler system
- DOS CAM system
- double tube system
- dowel pin system
- DRO system
- drop-feed-lubrication system
- DTP system
- dual laser optical system
- dual laser referencing system
- dual system
- dual-beam LDDM system
- dual-pallet shuttle system
- dual-shaft electric propulsion system
- dynamic beam focusing laser system
- dynamic data system
- dynamic mapping system
- early warning system
- eddy current damper system
- edge-sensing system
- edge-type positioning system
- eight-station pallet system
- electrical contact tracing system
- electrofluidic control system
- emergency protection system
- enclosure system
- encoder checking system
- endpoint locating system
- energy-adaptive system
- energy-saving drive system
- engine starting system
- entry-level NC system
- environmental control system
- equivalent rigid link system
- equivalent systems of forces
- ESD system
- estimating system
- example-driven system
- expert control system
- expert process planning system
- expert system
- external box system
- extractor system
- fact retrieval system
- factory automation system
- fault detection system
- fault-signal system
- FBG system
- feasibility routing system
- feature-based CAM system
- feature-based system
- feed system
- feedback control system
- feedback gaging system
- feedback position control system
- feedback system
- feed-drive system
- feedforward compensatory control system
- feed-only AC system
- feed-overriding system
- FFS system
- file control system
- finite capacity scheduling system
- fixed coordinate system
- fixed-feature NC system
- fixed-rail system
- fixture design system
- fixture system
- fixturing system
- flanged pipe system
- flexible assembly system
- flexible automated manufacturing system
- flexible automation system
- flexible computer-controlled robotic system
- flexible fabricating system
- flexible fixturing system
- flexible handling system
- flexible laser optical system
- flexible laser system
- flexible lathe system
- flexible machine system
- flexible machining center system
- flexible machining system
- flexible manufacturing system
- flexible NC system
- flexible press system
- flexible tooling system
- flexible transfer system
- flexible turning system
- flood coolant system
- flow-line production system
- flow-type manufacturing system
- fluid management system
- fluid power system
- flush-type cooling system
- fly system
- FMS operating system
- FMS/CAD/CAM system
- FMS-type production system
- force measurement system
- force sensory system
- force system
- force-sensing system
- forecasting system
- four-station pallet system
- four-tier quality system
- FROG navigation system
- FROG system
- full-blown system
- fully specified system
- gage system
- gaging computer system
- gaging-and-compensating system
- gantry loading system
- gantry-based turning system
- gantry-style motion system
- gas-turbine starting system
- gating system
- gear roller system
- gear system
- gear testing system
- general information retrieval system
- generative planning system
- generic control system
- generic messaging system
- generic system
- glass fiber system
- glazing system
- goal-seeking system
- graphic numerical control system
- graphic processing system
- graphics system
- graphics-oriented system
- grating measuring system
- gravity oil system
- gray scale imaging system
- grinder vision system
- group control system
- guarding system
- guidance system
- guiding system
- handling system
- handwriting-input system
- hard-automated system
- hardware NC system
- hardware support system
- head change system
- head changer system
- head-changing flexible manufacturing system
- help system
- hierarchical coding system
- hierarchical control system
- hierarchical information control system
- high-noise-immunity system
- high-rise system
- high-speed positioning system
- high-speed-processor control system
- high-volume system
- Hirth gear-tooth system
- holding system
- holding tool system
- hole system
- holonomic system
- host computer-assisted programming system
- host distributive numerical control system
- hybrid computing system
- hydraulic oil system
- hydraulic system
- hydraulic-circuit system
- hypertext system
- ID system
- IDNC system
- illumination system
- image detection system
- image processing system
- imaging system
- IMC system
- immersion-washing system
- inconsistent system of equations
- incremental measuring system
- index system
- indirect lubrication system
- individual lubrication system
- inductive telemetry system
- inductively guided cart system
- industrial vision system
- in-feed system
- inference system
- in-floor chip-disposal system
- information infrastructure system
- information logical system
- information processing system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information system
- information-gathering system
- information-management system
- information-sharing system
- infrared imaging system
- infrared system
- in-house minicomputer system
- in-house system
- inlet control system
- in-process gaging system
- in-process sensing system
- in-process storage system
- insert-selection system
- instrumentation system
- insulating system
- integral movement monitoring system
- integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- integrated CAM system
- integrated circuit numerical control system
- integrated computer system
- integrated information system
- integrated machine system
- integrated machining system
- integrated manufacturing and assembly system
- integrated manufacturing system
- integrated NC machine system
- integrated production system
- integrated sensor system
- intelligent control system
- interactive control system
- interactive graphics processing system
- interactive manufacturing control system
- interconnection system
- interdepartmental communication system
- interferometer measuring system
- interlocking system
- interrupt-driven system
- inventory-management system
- involute tooth system
- IR fault-signal system
- IR system
- ISO system of limits and tolerances
- isolated word recognition system
- jig boring measuring system
- job shop-type flexible system
- joint-actuation system
- just-in-time production system
- kanban pull system
- kinetic control system
- kitting system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based information system
- knowledge-based system
- krypton laser system
- labeling system
- labor-intensive system
- language-based NC system
- laser beam orientation system
- laser beam positioning system
- laser calibration system
- laser combination energy system
- laser digitizing system
- laser driving system
- laser full automated system
- laser inspection system
- laser interferometer measuring system
- laser machining system
- laser metalworking system
- laser micrometer system
- laser monitoring system
- laser mount system
- laser optical transformation system
- laser pulse power system
- laser pump system
- laser referencing system
- laser thread measurement system
- laser transducer system
- laser-cutting system
- laser-gaging system
- layered control system
- LDDM system
- lead screw drive system
- learning system
- library reference system
- library system
- light guide system
- light recognition system
- line motion control system
- line motion system
- line path system
- linear index system
- linear system of constant coefficients
- linear time invariant system
- linear time-varying system
- linear-encoder-equipped system
- LMFC system
- load/unload system
- loading robot system
- load-monitoring system
- local communications system
- logistics system
- look-up table system
- low-loss optical system
- low-volume lubricant delivery system
- lube system
- lubrication system with continuous delivery
- lubrication system with cyclic delivery
- lubrication system with performance control
- lubrication system without performance control
- lubrication system
- M system
- machine control system
- machine coordinate system
- machine health-monitoring system
- machine management system
- machine surveillance system
- machine tool capability-conditioning system
- machine tool system
- machine vision system
- machine/control system
- machine/tool/workpiece system
- machine-flexible system
- machine-zero reference system
- machining-cell system
- magnetic control system
- magnetic shaft suspension system
- main control system
- maintenance tracking system
- make-up system
- management control system
- management information system
- management system
- management-and-manufacturing system
- managerial reporting system
- man-computer system
- man-machine system
- man-plus-machine system
- manual data input system
- manual programming system
- manufacturing execution system
- manufacturing optimization system
- manufacturing software system
- manufacturing system
- many-degrees-of-freedom system
- many-variable system
- mass-elastic system
- master manufacturing control system
- master-slave control system
- material flow system
- material movement system
- material storage system
- materials-handling control system
- materials-handling system
- matrix array system
- matrix-type system
- MDI contouring control system
- MDI control system
- MDI NC system
- mean line system
- measurement/inspection system
- measuring coordinate system
- measuring system
- measuring/compensation system
- mechanical interface coordinate system
- memory NC system
- memory system
- menu drive system
- menu system
- menu-driven programming system
- metalforming production system with robots
- metalworking laser system
- metamorphic system
- metareasoning system
- metering system
- metrology system
- MIC system
- micro CAD/CAM programming system
- microadjustment system
- microchip-managed control system
- microdispensing system
- microintegrated system
- microload system
- micropackaged distributed system
- microprocessor based system
- microprocessor CNC system
- microprocessor system
- microprocessor-development system
- microstep control system
- microwave drill detection system
- milling CAM system
- milling system
- minicomputer-based numerical control system
- minicomputer-based system
- minicomputer-based test system
- miniload automated storage and retrieval system
- miniload system
- minimal constraint system
- minimum phase shift system
- mist-cooling system
- mixed forging-machining system
- mobility system
- model reference adaptive system
- moderately sized manufacturing system
- modular clamping system
- modular component tooling system
- modular fixture system
- modular holding system
- modular system
- modular tooling system
- modular work holding system
- monitoring system
- monorail material handling system
- motor position sensing system
- mounting system
- MPM system
- MRC system
- MRP system
- MS-DOS system
- multiaxis laser system
- multimachine system
- multimedia system
- multinetwork system
- multipallet system
- multiple computer system
- multiple laser technology system
- multiple pallet changer system
- multiple pallet handling system
- multiple parts feeding system
- multiple sensory system
- multiple spindle head handling-and-changing system
- multiple system of indexing
- multiple-gun spraying system
- multipoint lubrication system
- multipoint network control system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor NC system
- multiprocessor system
- multiproduct manufacturing system
- multiprofile tool system
- multiprogramming system
- multirobot system
- multisensor system
- multiserver queueing system
- multistage system
- multitasking control system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser system
- multivendor information system
- multiwindowing software system
- Nagare system
- narrowly defined expert system
- national information system
- navigation system
- NC contouring system
- NC machine system
- NC part-programming system
- NC system
- NC tooling system
- NC/TP system
- nesting system
- network computer system
- network switching system
- network system
- noise diagnostic system
- noncircular copy-turning system
- noncompensated system
- noncontact laser marking system
- noncontact microwave system
- nonexpert system
- non-NC system
- numerical computer control system
- numerical contour control system
- numerical control system
- numerically controlled tool point system
- object-oriented system
- office system
- office-based programming system
- off-line adviser-type expert system
- off-line programming system
- off-line system
- off-the-shelf system
- oil mist system
- oil scavenge system
- oil system
- oil wash system
- oil-recirculating system
- oligarchical manufacturing system
- OLP system
- one man/one machine system
- one man-one operation-one job system
- one-machine flexible system
- one-piece tape spar-measuring system
- one-shot lubrication system
- on-line information system
- on-line process system
- on-line retrieval system
- on-line system
- on-line tool control system
- on-machine gaging system
- on-machine probing system
- on-off control system
- open architecture system
- open cooling system
- open system
- open-front system
- open-loop control system
- operating system
- operational system
- operator guidance system
- operator-controlled NC system
- optical detection system
- optical laser ranging system
- optical MAP system
- optical measurement/inspection system
- optical recognition system
- optical system for laser processing
- optical tracer backup system
- optical transmission system
- opti-feed system
- optimal-position control system
- order-driven system
- order-entry system
- order-picking system
- oscillating system
- oscillatory system
- out-feed system
- output collecting system
- overall system
- p.-t.-p. NC system
- package confinement system
- paging system
- pallet conveyor system
- pallet gripper system
- pallet ID system
- pallet storage system
- pallet storage/changer system
- pallet/platen transfer system
- pallet/robot flexible-machining system
- pallet-based materials handling system
- pallet-based system
- pallet-changer system
- pallet-coding system
- pallet-handling system
- palletized tool magazine system
- pallet-loading system
- pallet-moving system
- pallet-shuttle change system
- pallet-transfer system
- pallet-transport system
- paperless NC system
- parallel force system
- parallel lubrication system
- parametric CNC system
- part flow system
- part handling-and-storage system
- part program-editing system
- part queue system
- part-conveying system
- partial laser system
- part-programming system
- part-retrieval system
- passively mode-locked laser system
- path control system of a machine
- path control system
- pattern recognition system
- pattern tracing system
- pattern-directed system
- PC system
- PC-based CAD system
- PC-based vision system
- pendant-mounted CNC system
- perceptual system
- permanent electro system
- personal computer-based robotic vision system
- phase switching control system
- photogrammetric vision system
- photooptic tracing system
- photooptical tracing system
- piece rate system
- plane system of forces
- planner-oriented system
- plant-integration system
- platen system
- platform-independent CAM system
- playback system
- plugboard control system
- plugboard programming system
- point-to-point system
- popular laser system
- position control system
- positioning control system
- postprocess inspection system
- postprocess system
- postprocess-feedback gaging system
- potentiometer-setting system
- power generating system
- power system
- powered clamping system
- powered track system
- powerful robot system
- precision positioning system
- predictive machinability system
- predictive maintenance system
- pre-emptive system
- pregaging system
- preload system
- preset tooling system
- presetting system
- prismatic flexible manufacturing system
- prismatic machining system
- probe communication system
- problem-oriented information system
- process planning system
- process-flexible system
- production control system
- production expert system
- production-monitoring system
- productions system
- product-testing system
- programmable automation system
- programmable control system
- programmable logic control system
- programmable power monitoring system
- programmed sequence control system
- programming system
- proof-of-concept system
- proprietary NC system
- propulsion system
- propulsive system
- protection system
- prototype system
- prototyping system
- pull system of production
- pull system
- punch tape NC system
- purpose-made materials feeding system
- push system
- qualitative system
- quality control system
- quality system
- quantity produced systems
- question-and-answer system
- question-answering system
- queuing system
- quick-change system
- quick-change workpiece-fixturing system
- quick-change-cutter system
- rack system
- rack-picking system
- rail-borne robotic handling system
- rail-guided transport system
- random mission system
- random mix system
- random order system
- ranging system
- readout system
- ready-to-go system
- real-time vision system
- recirculation system
- rectangular coordinate system
- rectangular triordinate system
- reeving system
- reference retrieval system
- reference system
- reflecting high-power beam optical system
- register system
- registration system
- relay ladder logic system
- reporting system
- reprographic system
- resolver system
- restraint system
- RETIC system
- retrieval system
- retrofit system
- return spring system
- RGV pallet delivery system
- rigid track workpiece transport system
- rigid transfer system
- robot control system
- robot gantry storage-and-retrieval system
- robot learning system
- robot parts-handling system
- robot system
- robot teaching system
- robot tool changing system
- robot-based turning system
- robotic system
- robotic vision system
- robotics CAD system
- robotized metalforming system
- robot-like inspection system
- robot-measuring system
- rod memory system
- roller system
- roll-generating system
- rotary transfer system
- rotary-type tool-mounting system
- rotational system
- routing-flexible system
- rule-based expert system
- running fail-safe system
- running system
- run-time system
- safety actuation system
- safety system
- scale back system
- seam tracking laser processing system
- seam-tracking system
- security system
- selective assembly system
- selective control system
- self-adapting system
- self-contained starting system
- self-contained system
- self-monitoring measuring system
- self-optimizing adaptive control system
- self-programming NC system
- self-teaching system
- self-test system
- sensing system
- sensor system
- sensor-based system
- sensory control system
- sensory feedback system
- sensory interactive system
- sensory-processing system
- sentence recognition system
- sequencing control system
- sequential control system
- series lubrication system
- service system
- servo control system
- servo drive system
- servo positioning system
- servo transducer system
- servo-controlled blade-feed-pressure system
- setting system
- SFP system
- shaft system
- shared tools system
- shopfloor communication message system
- shopfloor part-programming system
- shopfloor programming system
- shopfloor-programming control system
- short-closed oil system
- shuttle car system
- shuttle system
- shuttle-type container system
- side-loading pallet system
- sign system
- signature-analysis system
- silhouetting system
- single system
- single-board computer system
- single-cell system
- single-line lubrication system
- single-point lubrication system
- single-stage system
- single-tube system
- single-unit machining system
- single-variable system
- sinking system
- six-station pallet system
- size-monitoring system
- skidless system
- skid-type system
- small knowledge system
- small scale system
- small-batch manufacturing system
- sociotechnical system
- software-based system
- software-operating system
- solid model CAD system
- solid modeling system
- solids-based system
- sonic digitizing system
- space-monitoring sensor system
- special-purpose CNC system
- special-purpose material handling system
- speech-understanding system
- spindle airblast system
- spindle-probe system
- splash lubrication system
- split-type of tooling system
- spray lubrication system
- sprocket-chain system
- stabilization system
- stabilizing system
- stacking system
- stand-alone system
- standard control system
- standard unit system
- starting system
- statistical process control system
- steady-state system
- stepping motor drive system
- stocker system
- stocking system
- stop-bolt locking system
- storage system
- storage-and-retrieval system
- storage-retrieval system
- straight cut control system
- straight-line control system
- stress calculations infinite element system
- structurally stable system
- structurally unstable system
- stub-tooth system
- subloop system
- supervision system
- supervisory computer control system
- supervisory control system
- surface-measurement system
- surveillance system
- suspension system
- swarf conveyance system
- swarf-management system
- swarf-removal system
- switching system
- synthetic vision system
- system of dimensioning
- system of forces
- system of limits and fits
- system of quantities
- system of the machine retaining devices
- system of units
- tactile sensing system
- tailored NC system
- tailor-made system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- teach system
- teachable-logic control system
- teaching system
- teach-mode programming system
- technology-intensive system
- telecommunication system
- telemetry gage system
- telemetry system
- teleoperated system
- telepresence system
- telerobotic system
- ten-station pallet system
- term system
- test system
- testing system
- text organizing system
- thermal control system
- thermal enclosure system
- thermal propulsion system
- thread measurement system
- thread measuring system
- three-dimensional CAM system
- three-dimensional coordinate system
- three-wire thread measuring system
- through feed system
- through-the-tool system
- time control system
- time cycle system
- time-shared system
- time-sharing NC programming system
- time-sharing system
- tool animation system
- tool breakage prevention system
- tool change system
- tool condition monitoring system
- tool coolant system
- tool deflection calibration system
- tool identification tag system
- tool life control system
- tool life management system
- tool magazine exchanger system
- tool management system
- tool position-compensating system
- tool shank cleaning system
- tool storage and transport system
- tool storage/management system
- tool-associated system
- tool-clamp system
- tool-holder-work system
- tool-ID system
- tooling AGV system
- tooling system
- tool-in-hand system
- tool-in-use system
- tool-machine system
- tool-monitoring system
- tool-mounting system
- tool-presetting system
- tool-probing system
- tool-to-turret connection system
- tool-transfer system
- torque-monitoring system
- total system
- total-loss lubrication system
- touch-probe digitizer system
- touch-probe digitizing system
- touch-probe system
- towline cart system
- towline conveyor system
- towline handling system
- towline material handling system
- towline transfer system
- tracer control system
- tracing system
- track system
- tracking/scheduling system
- track-monitoring system
- transfer system
- translating system
- transmission system
- transporter system
- traverse-metering system
- tray-type transfer system
- triangulation system
- tribomechanical system
- tri-level stocker system
- triordinate system
- trolley control system
- trouble-free control system
- T-slot system
- tuned system
- turning system
- turning-and-chucking system
- turnkey computer control system
- turnkey system
- turret probing system
- turret tooling system
- two-line lubrication system
- two-machine system
- two-pallet exchange system
- two-shift system
- two-tier inspection system
- unattended machining system
- unattended production system
- uncertain system
- unified system
- unit bore system
- unit system
- unit-build system
- unit-load automated storage and retrieval system
- unit-load system
- UNIX-based 32-bit computer system
- unmonitored control system
- unstable system
- user identification system
- user's CAD system
- V coding system
- vacuum system
- variable pallet system
- variable-coefficient system
- variable-gain ACC system
- variable-mission system
- versatile data acquisition system
- vertical carousel system
- vertical rotating warehouse system
- vibration system
- vibratory system
- video measuring system
- video-based measurement system
- viewing system
- virtual design system
- virtual storage system
- vision guidance system
- vision metrology system
- vision optical system
- vision sensor system
- vision system
- vision tool-presetting system
- vision-based inspection system
- vision-based system
- visual computing system
- visual inspection system
- VME-based system
- voice data entry system
- voice system
- voice-input system
- volume-flexible system
- volume-metric lubrication system
- voluntary standards system
- warehousing system
- warning protection system
- warning system
- wash system
- waste material treatment system
- watchdog system
- waterjet system
- way-lubrication system
- wedge-locked tool clamping system
- wheelhead-measuring system
- windowing system
- wire-cut system
- wire-frame CAD system
- wire-guided transport system
- wire-guided trolley routing system
- word recognition system
- work infeed system
- work transfer system
- work transport system
- workhandling system
- work-holding system
- workpiece-cleaning system
- workstation-oriented CNC system
- zero error position system

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > system
5 system

1) система || системный

2) система; установка; устройство; комплекс

3) программа

•

- accounting system
- adaptive control system
- address selection system
- addressing system
- advice-giving system
- AI planning system
- AI system
- analog computing system
- analog-digital computing system
- analysis information system
- application system
- arabic number system
- arithmetic system
- assembly system
- asymmetrical system
- atomic system
- attached processor system
- audio system
- authoring system
- automated office system
- automatic block system
- automatic checkout system
- automatic control system
- automatic search system
- automatic test system
- automatically programmed system
- automatically taught system
- autoprogrammable system
- axiomatic system
- backup system
- bad system
- bang-bang system
- base-2 system
- basic system
- batch-processing system
- binary system
- binary-coded decimal system
- binary-number system
- biquinary system
- bit-mapped system
- bit-slice system
- black-board expert system
- block parity system
- buddy system
- business system
- bus-oriented system
- bussed system
- CAD system
- call-reply system
- carrier system
- cause-controlled system
- character recognition system
- character-reading system
- chargeback system
- check sum error-detecting system
- chip-layout system
- clock system
- closed loop system
- closed system
- co-authoring system
- code recognition system
- code system
- coded-decimal system
- code-dependent system
- code-insensitive system
- code-sensitive system
- code-transparent system
- coding system
- coincident selection system
- cold system
- color-coded system
- command system
- common-bus system
- communication data system
- communications-oriented system
- complete articulated system
- computer system
- computer-aided design system
- computer-aided system
- computer-based system
- computer-based weapon system
- computerized system
- computing system
- concatenated coding system
- concealment system
- conservative system
- contention system
- continuous presence system
- control system
- controlled system
- controlling system
- coordinate system
- cordonnier system
- costrained vision system
- cross system
- crossbar switch system
- data acquisition system
- data collection system
- data exchange system
- data flow system
- data gethering system
- data handling system
- data management system
- data preparation system
- data processing system
- data reduction system
- data retrieval system
- data storage system
- data system
- data transmission system
- database management system
- database support system
- data-managed system
- decimal number system
- decimal system
- decimal numeration system
- decision support system
- decision-aided system
- decision-making system
- decision-support system
- decision-taking system
- decoding selection system
- decomposable system
- dedicated system
- degenerate system
- design library support system
- design-automation system
- design-verification system
- development support system
- development system
- digital communication system
- digital computing system
- direct-current system
- directly coupled system
- discrete system
- discrete-continuous system
- disk operating system
- display system
- distributed database management system
- distributed function system
- distributed intelligence system
- distributed parameter system
- distributed system
- distribution system
- double intermediate tape system
- down system
- drafting system
- dual system
- dual-computer system
- dual-processor system
- duodecimal number system
- duodecimal system
- duotricenary number system
- duotricenary system
- duplexed computer system
- duplex computer system
- dyadic number system
- dyadic system
- dynamic mapping system
- dynamic scene system
- dynamic support system
- electronic data processing system
- electronic sorting system
- encoding system
- equipment adapted data system
- erasing system
- error-controlled system
- error-correcting system
- error-detecting system
- executive file-control system
- executive system
- expert control system
- expert support system
- expert system
- expert-planning system
- externally pulsed system
- fail-safe system
- fail-soft system
- fan-out system
- fault-tolerant system
- feasible system
- federated system
- feed system
- feedback system
- feedforward control system
- fiche retrieval system
- file control system
- file system
- fixed-lenght record system
- fixed-point system
- fixed-radix numeration system
- floating-point system
- fluid transport system
- follow-up system
- forgiving system
- front-end system
- fuzzy expert system
- generic expert system
- geographically distributed system
- goal-seeking system
- good system
- graceful degradation system
- graphic data system
- graphics display system
- graphics system
- help system
- heterogeneous system
- hexadecimal number system
- hexadecimal system
- high-availability system

- homogeneous system
- host system
- hostless system
- host-satellite system
- human visual system
- hunting system
- hypermedia system
- imaging system
- incremental system
- independent system
- indirectly coupled system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information retrieval system
- information handling system
- information management system
- information processing system
- information system
- information-feedback system
- in-plant system
- input/output control system
- instruction system
- instrumentation management system
- integrated system
- intelligence system
- interactive control system
- interactive system
- intercommunicating system
- interlock system
- internal number system
- internal system
- Internet-enabled system
- interrupt system
- isolated system
- kernel system
- key-to-disk/tape system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based system
- large-scale computing system
- laser communication system
- layered control system
- legacy operating system

- level-signal system
- lexicon-driven system
- library reference system
- local-network system
- long-haul system
- lumped-parameter system
- machine tool control system
- machine-limited system
- machine-oriented programming system
- macroinstruction system
- macro system
- magnetic memory system
- magnetic recording system
- magnetic tape plotting system
- mail message system
- mail system
- mailbox system
- management information system
- man-machine system
- mapping system
- map-reading system
- mass memory system
- mass storage system
- master/slave system
- matrix memory system
- memory driver system
- memory system
- message handling system
- message system
- microcomputer system
- microfilm printing system
- midsplit system
- MIMO system
- mixed-base numbering system
- mixed-base number system
- mixed-radix numeration system
- model-based expert system
- modular system
- monitoring system
- monitor system
- mosaic system
- multiagent system

- multichannel system
- multicomputer system
- multidimensional system
- multifrequency system
- multilevel storage system
- multiloop system
- multimaster communication system
- multimicroprocessor system
- multiple computation system
- multiple-bus system
- multiple-coincident magnetic storage system
- multiple-output control system
- multiplex system
- multiport system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor system
- multiprogramming computer system
- multiprogramming system
- multisite system
- multispeaker system
- multistable system
- multitasking operating system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser computer system
- multiuser system
- multiuser operating system
- multivariable system
- multivariate system
- negative-base number representation system
- negative-base number system
- network operating system
- node-replicated system
- noncomputerized system
- nonconsistently based number system
- nondegenerate system
- number representation system
- numbering system
- number system
- numeral system
- numeration system
- numerical system
- octal number system
- octal system
- office automation system
- off-line system
- on-demand system
- one-level storage system
- one-loop system
- one-over-one address system
- on-line system
- open-ended system
- open system
- open-loop system
- operating system
- operational system
- optical memory system
- overdetermined system
- overload-hold system
- page-on-demand system
- panelboard system
- paper-tape system
- parameter-driven expert system
- pattern recognition system
- peek-a-boo system
- peripheral system
- pipeline system
- polled system
- polymorphic system
- polyphase system
- portable system
- positional representation system
- Post-production system
- priority scheduling system
- priority system
- procedural expert system
- process control system
- processor-sharing system
- production control system
- production system
- program system
- programming system
- protection system
- pulse system
- pulse-or-no-pulse system
- pulse-signal system
- punch card computer system
- pure-binary numeration system
- purposeful system
- quadruplex system
- question-answering system
- queueing system
- queue system
- radix numbering system
- radix number system
- reactive system
- reading system
- real-time expert system
- real-time operating system
- real-time system
- reasoning system
- recognition system
- recording system
- recovery system
- reduntant number system
- reduntant system
- reflected binary number system
- reflected binary system
- refreshment system
- remote-access system
- replicating system
- representation system
- request-repeat system
- rerecording system
- residue number system
- residue system
- resource-sharing system
- restorable system
- retrieval system
- retrieval-only system
- rewrite system

- right-handed coordinate system
- robotic system
- robot system
- rule-based expert system
- rule-based system
- scalable system
- selection system
- self-adapting system
- self-adjusting system
- self-aligning system
- self-balancing system
- self-check system
- self-contained system
- self-correcting system
- self-descriptive system
- self-learning system
- self-organizing system
- self-sustained oscillation system
- self-test system
- sensor-based system
- sequential scheduling system
- sexadecimal number system
- sexadecimal system
- shared-files system
- shell expert system
- silicon-development system
- simplex system
- single-drive system
- single-inheritance system
- single-phase clock system
- single-site system
- single-user computer system
- SISO system
- skeletal expert system
- slave system
- soft-sectored disk system
- software system
- sound system
- source code control system
- source-destination system
- space-division system
- stabilizing system
- stable system
- stand-alone system
- start-stop system
- state-determined system
- stepped start-stop system
- stereo system
- stochastically disturbed system
- storage system
- stripped-down expert system
- subsplit system
- supervisor control system
- switching system
- symbolic assembly system
- syntactical system
- system explanation system
- system of logic
- system of notation
- system with delay
- system with time lag
- tabulating system
- tape data processing system
- tape drive system
- tape handling system
- tape operating system
- tape plotting system
- tape resident system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- taught system
- telecommunictions system
- telecontrol system
- terminal system
- ternary number system
- ternary system
- test system
- testbed system
- text-to-speech system
- time-division system
- time-pattern control system
- time-shared system
- time-shared-bus system
- time-sharing system
- timing system
- total system
- translating system
- translation system
- translator writing system
- transmitting system
- tree-structured system
- trusted computer system
- two-failure mode system
- two-level return system
- two-level system
- two-phase clock system
- ultrastable system
- Unified system
- uninterruptible power system
- uniprocessor system
- unrestorable system
- unstable system
- up system
- variable-lenght record system
- virtual system
- virtual-memory operating system
- vision system
- visual system
- voice/audio processing system
- voice-response system
- volunteer system
- weighted number system
- weighted system
- writing system
- xerox copy system
- zero-one system

English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > system
6 run

1. noun
1) Lauf, der

go for a run before breakfast — vor dem Frühstück einen Lauf machen

make a late run — (Sport or fig.) zum Endspurt ansetzen

come towards somebody/start off at a run — jemandem entgegenlaufen/losrennen

I've had a good run for my money — ich bin auf meine Kosten gekommen

on the run — auf der Flucht

2) (trip in vehicle) Fahrt, die; (for pleasure) Ausflug, der

on the run down to Cornwall — auf der Fahrt nach Cornwall

go for a run [in the car] — einen [Auto]ausflug machen

3)

she has had a long run of success — sie war lange [Zeit] erfolgreich

have a long run — [Stück, Show:] viele Aufführungen erleben

4) (succession) Serie, die; (Cards) Sequenz, die

a run of victories — eine Siegesserie

5) (tendency) Ablauf, der

the general run of things/events — der Lauf der Dinge/der Gang der Ereignisse

6) (regular route) Strecke, die

7) (Cricket, Baseball) Lauf, der; Run, der

8) (quantity produced) (of book) Auflage, die

production run — Ausstoß, der (Wirtsch.)

9) (demand) Run, der (on auf + Akk.)

10)

the runs — (coll.): (diarrhoea) Durchmarsch, der (salopp)

11) (unrestricted use)

give somebody the run of something — jemandem etwas zu seiner freien Verfügung überlassen

have the run of something — etwas zu seiner freien Verfügung haben

12) (animal enclosure) Auslauf, der
2. intransitive verb,
-nn-, ran, run

1) laufen; (fast also) rennen

run for the bus — laufen od. rennen, um den Bus zu kriegen (ugs.)

run to help somebody — jemandem zu Hilfe eilen

2) (compete) laufen

3) (hurry) laufen

don't run to me when things go wrong — komm mir nicht angelaufen, wenn etwas schiefgeht (ugs.)

run to meet somebody — jemandem entgegenlaufen

4) (roll) laufen; [Ball, Kugel:] rollen, laufen

5) (slide) laufen; [Schlitten, [Schiebe]tür:] gleiten

6) (revolve) [Rad, Maschine:] laufen

7) (flee) davonlaufen

8) (operate on a schedule) fahren

run between two places — [Zug, Bus:] zwischen zwei Orten verkehren

the train is running late — der Zug hat Verspätung

the train doesn't run on Sundays — der Zug verkehrt nicht an Sonntagen

9) (pass cursorily)

run through — überfliegen [Text]

run through one's head or mind — [Gedanken, Ideen:] einem durch den Kopf gehen

run through the various possibilities — die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten durchspielen

10) (flow) laufen; [Fluss:] fließen

run dry — [Fluss:] austrocknen; [Quelle:] versiegen

run low or short — knapp werden; ausgehen

11) (be current) [Vertrag, Theaterstück:] laufen

12) (be present)

run through something — sich durch etwas ziehen

run in the family — [Eigenschaft, Begabung:] in der Familie liegen

13) (function) laufen

keep/leave the engine running — den Motor laufen lassen/nicht abstellen

the machine runs on batteries/oil — etc. die Maschine läuft mit Batterien/Öl usw.

14) (have a course) [Straße, Bahnlinie:] verlaufen

15) (have wording) lauten; [Geschichte:] gehen (fig.)

16) (have certain level)

inflation is running at 15 % — die Inflationsrate beläuft sich auf od. beträgt 15 %

17) (seek election) kandidieren

run for mayor — für das Amt des Bürgermeisters kandidieren

18) (spread quickly)

a shiver ran down my spine — ein Schau[d]er (geh.) lief mir den Rücken hinunter

19) (spread undesirably) [Butter, Eis:] zerlaufen; (in washing) [Farben:] auslaufen

20) (ladder) [Strumpf:] Laufmaschen bekommen
3. transitive verb,
-nn-, ran, run

1) (cause to move) laufen lassen; (drive) fahren

run one's hand/fingers through/along or over something — mit der Hand/den Fingern durch etwas fahren/über etwas (Akk.) streichen

run an or one's eye along or down or over something — (fig.) etwas überfliegen

2) (cause to flow) [ein]laufen lassen

run a bath — ein Bad einlaufen lassen

3) (organize, manage) führen, leiten [Geschäft usw.]; durchführen [Experiment]; veranstalten [Wettbewerb]; führen [Leben]

4) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; verkehren lassen [Verkehrsmittel]; einsetzen [Sonderbus, -zug]; laufen lassen [Motor]; abspielen [Tonband]

run forward/back — vorwärts-/zurückspulen [Film, Tonband]

5) (own and use) sich (Dat.) halten [Auto]

this car is expensive to run — dieses Auto ist im Unterhalt sehr teuer

run a car with defective brakes — ein Auto mit defekten Bremsen fahren

6) (take for journey) fahren

I'll run you into town — ich fahre od. bringe dich in die Stadt

7) (pursue) jagen

run somebody hard or close — jemandem auf den Fersen sein od. sitzen (ugs.)

be run off one's feet — alle Hände voll zu tun haben (ugs.); (in business) Hochbetrieb haben (ugs.); see also academic.ru/23126/earth">earth 1. 4)

8) (complete) laufen [Rennen, Marathon, Strecke]

run messages/errands — Botengänge machen

9)

run a fever/a temperature — Fieber/erhöhte Temperatur haben

10) (publish) bringen (ugs.) [Bericht, Artikel usw.]

Phrasal Verbs:

- run about

- run across

- run after

- run along

- run around

- run away

- run away with

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run off with

- run on

- run out

- run out of

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

* * *
1. present participle - running; verb
1) ((of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking: He ran down the road.) rennen

2) (to move smoothly: Trains run on rails.) fahren

3) ((of water etc) to flow: Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.) laufen

4) ((of a machine etc) to work or operate: The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.) laufen(lassen)

5) (to organize or manage: He runs the business very efficiently.) leiten

6) (to race: Is your horse running this afternoon?) laufen

7) ((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) verkehren

8) (to last or continue; to go on: The play ran for six weeks.) laufen

9) (to own and use, especially of cars: He runs a Rolls Royce.) sich halten

10) ((of colour) to spread: When I washed my new dress the colour ran.) zerlaufen

11) (to drive (someone); to give( someone) a lift: He ran me to the station.) fahren

12) (to move (something): She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.) gleiten lassen

13) ((in certain phrases) to be or become: The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).) werden
2. noun
1) (the act of running: He went for a run before breakfast.) das Laufen

2) (a trip or drive: We went for a run in the country.) der Abstecher

3) (a length of time (for which something continues): He's had a run of bad luck.) die Strähne

4) (a ladder (in a stocking etc): I've got a run in my tights.) die Laufmasche

5) (the free use (of a place): He gave me the run of his house.) freie Benutzung

6) (in cricket, a batsman's act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score: He scored/made 50 runs for his team.) der Lauf

7) (an enclosure or pen: a chicken-run.) der Auslauf

•

- runner
- running 3. adverb
(one after another; continuously: We travelled for four days running.) aufeinanderfolgend

- runny
- runaway
- rundown
- runner-up
- runway
- in
- out of the running
- on the run
- run across
- run after
- run aground
- run along
- run away
- run down
- run for
- run for it
- run in
- run into
- run its course
- run off
- run out
- run over
- run a temperature
- run through
- run to
- run up
- run wild
* * *

run

[rʌn]

I. NOUN

1. (jog) Lauf m

the burglar made a \run for the door [or for it] der Einbrecher nahm Reißaus fam

to let the dog out for [or let the dog have] a \run den Hund hinauslassen [o ÖSTERR fam äußerln führen]

to break into a \run zu laufen beginnen

to go for [or do] a \run laufen gehen

I go for [or do] a 5 mile \run before breakfast ich laufe vor dem Frühstück 5 Meilen

to set off/come in at a \run weg-/hereinlaufen

he took the ditch at a \run er nahm Anlauf und sprang über den Graben; ( fig)

with his main rival out injured, he has a clear \run at the title da sein Hauptrivale verletzt ist, hat er keine Konkurrenten beim Kampf um den Titel

2. (journey) Strecke f

the \run down to the coast only takes half an hour man braucht nur eine halbe Stunde zur Küste

on the London—Glasgow \run auf der Strecke London—Glasgow

to go for a \run in the car ( dated) eine Spritztour machen fam

bombing \run Bombardierungsstrecke f

3. (period) Dauer f

\run of bad/good luck Pech-/Glückssträhne f

a long \run of bad weather eine lange Schlechtwetterperiode

4. (trend) Verlauf m

in the normal \run of things normalerweise

5. THEAT Laufzeit f

after a short \run on Broadway nach kurzer Laufzeit am Broadway

dry [or dummy] [or practice] \run Generalprobe f

6. (production) Auflage f

the company is planning a first \run of 10,000 red teddy bears die Firma plant eine Anfangsproduktion von 10.000 roten Teddybären

7. ECON (as test) of a machine Durchlauf m, Maschinenlauf m

a cheque \run Ausstellung f von Schecks durch Computer

a computer \run Arbeitsgang m [o Durchlauf m] eines Computers

test \run Probelauf m

8. usu sing (demand) Run m, Ansturm m

a sudden \run on the dollar has lowered its value die plötzliche Nachfrage nach dem Dollar ließ den Kurs sinken

a \run on a bank ein Ansturm m auf eine Bank

a \run on the pound Panikverkäufe pl des Pfundes

9. (type) Art f

their food is not the usual \run of hotel cooking ihr Essen hebt sich von der üblichen Hotelküche ab

10. (enclosed area) Gehege nt

chicken \run Hühnerhof m

11. SPORT (point) Treffer m; (sailing) Vorwindkurs m; (in cricket, baseball) Run m

to score 4 \runs vier Treffer erzielen

to score a home \run einen Homerun erzielen

12. esp AM (ladder) Laufmasche f

13. ( fam: diarrhoea)

to have the \runs Dünnpfiff haben sl

14.

▶ to give sb a \run for their money jdn etw für sein Geld tun lassen

▶ to have the \run of sth etw zur Verfügung haben

while she's away, I have the \run of the house während sie weg ist, hat sie mir das Haus überlassen

▶ to have a [good] \run for one's money etw für sein Geld bekommen

▶ in the long \run langfristig, auf lange Sicht gesehen

▶ in the short \run kurzfristig

▶ on the \run (escaped) auf der Flucht; (extremely busy) auf Trab fam

when I am rushed in the mornings, I eat breakfast on the \run wenn ich morgens in Eile bin, dann esse ich mein Frühstück auf dem Weg

II. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<ran, run>

1. (move fast) laufen, rennen

he ran up/down the hill er rannte den Hügel hinauf/hinunter

he ran along/down the street er rannte die Straße entlang/hinunter

he ran into/out of the house er rannte in das Haus/aus dem Haus

people came \running at the sound of shots Menschen kamen gelaufen, als sie Schüsse hörten

to \run for the bus dem Bus nachlaufen

to \run for cover schnell in Deckung gehen

to \run for it sich akk aus dem Staub machen

to \run for one's life um sein Leben rennen

to \run for help um Hilfe laufen

to \run for the police die Polizei benachrichtigen

to \run on the spot auf der Stelle laufen

to go \running laufen gehen

▪ to \run at sb jdn angreifen

2. (operate) fahren, verkehren; engine laufen; machine in Betrieb sein

are there a lot of trains \running between London and York? verkehren viele Züge zwischen London und York?

they had the new computer system up and \running within an hour sie hatten das neue Computerprogramm innerhalb einer Stunde installiert und am Laufen; ( fig)

work is \running smoothly at the moment die Arbeit geht im Moment glatt von der Hand

to keep the economy \running die Wirtschaft am Laufen halten

3. (travel) laufen; (go) verlaufen; ski gleiten

the route \runs through the mountains die Strecke führt durch die Berge

a shiver ran down my back mir lief ein Schauder über den Rücken geh

to \run off the road von der Straße abkommen

to \run onto the rocks [or aground] [or ashore] auflaufen, auf Grund laufen

4. (grow) plants sich akk schlingen

the vine \runs up the wall and along the fence die Weinreben schlingen sich die Wand hinauf und den Zaun entlang

5. (extend)

there's a beautiful cornice \running around all the ceilings ein wunderschönes Gesims verläuft um alle Decken

6. (last) [an]dauern

the film \runs for two hours der Film dauert zwei Stunden, der Film geht zwei Stunden fam

how much longer does this course \run? wie lange dauert dieser Kurs noch?

a magazine subscription usually only \runs for one year ein Zeitschriftenabonnement läuft normalerweise nur ein Jahr

I've had that tune \running in my head all day diese Melodie geht mir schon den ganzen Tag im Kopf herum

this show will \run and \run diese Show wird ewig laufen

7. (be)

inflation is \running at 10% die Inflationsrate beträgt 10 %; (amount to)

▪ to \run into [or to] sth sich akk auf etw akk belaufen, gehen

he has an income \running into six figures er hat ein Einkommen, das sich auf sechsstellige Zahlen beläuft

8. (flow) fließen

I could feel trickles of sweat \running down my neck ich fühlte, wie mir die Schweißtropfen den Hals herunterliefen

their bodies were \running with sweat ihre Körper waren schweißüberströmt

when the sand has \run through the egg timer, it'll be five minutes wenn der Sand durch die Eieruhr gelaufen ist, dann sind fünf Minuten vorbei

the river \runs [down] to the sea der Fluss mündet in das Meer

there was a strong tide/heavy sea \running die Flut/die See war hoch

don't cry, or your make-up will \run weine nicht, sonst verwischt sich dein Make-up

the colour of the dress has \run das Kleid hat abgefärbt

my nose is \running meine Nase läuft

if the paint is wet, the colours will \run into each other wenn die Farbe nass ist, fließen die Farben ineinander

9. POL (enter an election) kandidieren

to \run for President für das Präsidentenamt kandidieren, sich akk für das Amt des Präsidenten bewerben

▪ to \run against sb gegen jdn kandidieren

10. (in tights)

oh no, my tights have \run oh nein, ich habe eine Laufmasche im Strumpf

11. (proceed) verlaufen

can you give me an idea of how the discussion ran? kannst du mir den Verlauf der Diskussion schildern?

12. NAUT fahren

to \run before the wind vor dem Wind segeln

13. (to be in force) price, value of commodity gelten, gültig sein

14.

▶ to \run amok Amok laufen

▶ to \run with blood blutüberströmt sein

the streets were \running with blood in den Straßen floss überall Blut

▶ to \run round [or AM around] in circles sich akk im Kreise drehen

▶ to \run deep:

differences between the two sides \run deep die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Seiten sind sehr groß

▶ to \run dry river austrocknen

▶ to \run in the family in der Familie liegen

▶ feelings are \running high die Gefühle gehen hoch

▶ to \run low supplies [langsam] ausgehen

▶ to make sb's blood \run cold jds Blut in den Adern gefrieren lassen

▶ to \run short knapp werden

to \run short of sth etw nicht mehr haben

we're beginning to \run short of money uns geht langsam das Geld aus

▶ to \run wild animals frei herumlaufen; plants wuchern; children alles machen dürfen; ( pej)

she lets her kids \run wild [or \run riot] sie setzt ihren Kindern keinerlei Grenzen

to let one's imagination \run wild seiner Fantasie freien Lauf lassen

III. TRANSITIVE VERB

<ran, run>

1. (move fast)

to \run a dead heat/a mile/a race ein totes Rennen/eine Meile/ein Rennen laufen

2. (enter in race)

to \run a candidate einen Kandidaten aufstellen

to \run a horse ein Pferd laufen lassen

3. (drive)

he ran his car into a tree last night er fuhr letzte Nacht mit seinem Auto gegen einen Baum

to \run sb home jdn nach Hause fahren

to \run sb to the station jdn zum Bahnhof bringen

4. (pass)

she ran her eyes/finger down the list sie ließ die Augen/den Finger über die Liste gleiten

\run this rope round the tree wickle dieses Seil um den Baum

he ran a vacuum cleaner over the carpet er saugte den Teppich ab

to \run one's fingers through one's hair sich dat mit den Fingern durchs Haar fahren

5. (operate)

▪ to \run sth machine etw bedienen

to \run a computer program ein Computerprogramm laufen lassen

to \run the engine den Motor laufen lassen

to \run additional trains zusätzliche Züge einsetzen

to \run the dishwasher/washing machine die Spülmaschine/Waschmaschine laufen lassen

6. (manage)

▪ to \run sth business etw leiten; farm etw betreiben

how did he end up \running the city? wie wurde er Bürgermeister der Stadt?

don't tell me how to \run my life! erklär mir nicht, wie ich mein Leben leben soll!

some people \run their lives according to the movements of the stars manche Leute richten ihr Leben nach dem Verlauf der Sterne aus

to \run a company ein Unternehmen leiten

to \run a government/household eine Regierung/einen Haushalt führen

to \run a store ein Geschäft haben

7. (conduct)

to \run a course einen Kurs anbieten

to \run an experiment/a test ein Experiment/einen Test durchführen

8. (let flow)

▪ to \run sth water etw laufen lassen

he ran a little cold water into the bath er ließ etwas kaltes Wasser in die Badewanne laufen

to \run [sb] a bath [or to \run a bath [for sb]] [jdm] ein Bad einlaufen lassen

9. (in newspaper)

to \run a story about sth über etw akk berichten

to \run an article/a series einen Artikel/eine Serie bringen fam

10. (smuggle)

▪ to \run sth etw schmuggeln

to \run sth across the border etw über die Grenze schmuggeln

11. (not heed)

to \run a blockade eine Blockade durchbrechen

to \run a red light eine rote Ampel überfahren

12. (incur)

to \run a risk ein Risiko eingehen

you \run the risk when gambling of losing your entire stake wenn du spielst, riskierst du, deinen gesamten Einsatz zu verlieren

13. (perform small tasks)

to \run errands [for sb] [für jdn] Botengänge machen

14.

▶ to \run sb/sth close nur knapp von jdm/etw geschlagen werden

▶ to let sth \run its course etw seinen Lauf nehmen lassen

▶ to \run sb to earth [or ground] jdn aufspüren

▶ to \run one's eye over sth etw überfliegen

▶ to be \run off one's feet alle Hände voll zu tun haben fam

▶ to \run a fever [or temperature] Fieber haben

▶ to \run oneself into the ground sich akk völlig verausgaben

▶ to \run a mile BRIT sich akk aus dem Staub machen fam

▶ to \run sb ragged jdn schaffen fam

▶ to \run the show verantwortlich sein

* * *

run [rʌn]

A s

1. a) Lauf m (auch fig):

in the long run auf die Dauer, auf lange Sicht, langfristig;

in the short run auf kurze Sicht, kurzfristig;

go for ( oder take) a run einen Lauf machen;

make a run for it sich aus dem Staub machen fig;

make a run for the door zur Tür rennen

b) SPORT Lauf m, Durchgang m (eines Slaloms etc)

2. Laufen n, Rennen n:

be on the run

a) (immer) auf Trab sein umg,

b) auf der Flucht sein ( from the police vor der Polizei);

keep sb on the run jemanden in Trab halten umg;

shoot on the run (Fußball) aus vollem Lauf schießen;

give sb a (good) run for their money es jemandem nicht leicht machen;

this car gives you a (good) run for your money dieser Wagen ist sein Geld wert;

he’s had a (good) run for his money er ist auf seine Kosten gekommen, er kann sich nicht beklagen

3. Laufschritt m:

at a run im Laufschritt;

go off at a run davonlaufen

4. Anlauf m:

take a run (einen) Anlauf nehmen

5. SCHIFF, AUTO Fahrt f

6. oft short run Spazierfahrt f:

go for a run in the car eine Spazierfahrt machen

7. Abstecher m, Ausflug m ( beide:

to nach)

8. Reiten: schneller Galopp

9. JAGD Hatz f

10. besonders WIRTSCH Ansturm m, Run m ( beide:

on auf eine Bank, Eintrittskarten etc), stürmische Nachfrage (on nach einer Ware)

11. (Laich)Wanderung f (der Fische)

12. MUS Lauf m

13. US (kleiner) Wasserlauf

14. US Laufmasche f

15. (Ver)Lauf m, Fortgang m:

the run of events;

run of the play SPORT Spielverlauf;

be against the run of the play SPORT den Spielverlauf auf den Kopf stellen

16. Verlauf m:

the run of the hills

17. a) Tendenz f

b) Mode f

18. ( auch SPORT Erfolgs-, Treffer)Serie f, Folge f, Reihe f:

a run of bad (good) luck eine Pechsträhne (eine Glückssträhne, ein Lauf);

a run of good weather eine Schönwetterperiode;

a run of wins eine Siegesserie

19. Kartenspiel: Sequenz f

20. Auflage f (einer Zeitung etc)

21. TECH Herstellungsmaße pl, -größe f, (Rohr- etc) Länge f, (Betriebs) Leistung f, Ausstoß m:

run of mine

a) Fördererz n,

b) Rohkohle f

22. Bergbau: Ader f

23. TECH

a) Durchlauf m (eines Beschickungsguts)

b) Charge f, (Beschickungs)Menge f

24. TECH

a) Arbeitsperiode f, Gang m

b) IT (Durch)Lauf m

c) Bedienung f (einer Maschine etc)

25. THEAT, FILM Lauf-, Spielzeit f:

the play had a run of 44 nights das Stück wurde 44-mal hintereinander gegeben;

the film had a run of six months ( oder a six-month run) der Film lief ein halbes Jahr

26. (auch Amts) Dauer f, (-)Zeit f:

run of office;

run of validity Gültigkeitsdauer

27. a) Strecke f

b) FLUG Rollstrecke f

c) SCHIFF Etmal n (vom Schiff in 24 Stunden zurückgelegte Strecke)

28. give sb the run of sth jemandem etwas zur Verfügung stellen;

have the run of sth etwas zur freien Verfügung haben;

he has given me ( oder I have) the run of his library ich kann jederzeit seine Bibliothek benutzen

29. besonders Br

a) Weide f, Trift f

b) Auslauf m, (Hühner) Hof m

30. a) JAGD Wechsel m, (Wild)Bahn f

b) Maulwurfsgang m, Kaninchenröhre f

31. SPORT

a) (Bob-, Rodel) Bahn f

b) (Ski) Hang m

32. TECH

a) Bahn f

b) Laufschiene f, -planke f

33. TECH Rinne f, Kanal m

34. TECH Mühl-, Mahlgang m

35. Art f, Sorte f ( auch WIRTSCH)

36. meist common ( oder general) run Durchschnitt m, (die) breite Masse:

the common run of mankind der Durchschnittsmensch

37. a) Herde f

b) Schwarm m (Fische)

38. SCHIFF (Achter-, Vor) Piek f

39. Länge f, Ausdehnung f

40. the runs pl auch als sg konstruiert) umg Dünnpfiff m (Durchfall)

B adj

1. geschmolzen

2. gegossen, geformt:

run with lead mit Blei ausgegossen

C v/i prät ran [ræn], pperf run

1. laufen, rennen, eilen, stürzen:

run round one’s backhand (Tennis etc) seine Rückhand umlaufen

2. davonlaufen ( from vor dat), Reißaus nehmen umg

3. SPORT

a) (um die Wette) laufen

b) (an einem Lauf oder Rennen) teilnehmen

c) als Zweiter etc einkommen:

he ran second er wurde oder war Zweiter

4. (for)

a) POL kandidieren (für)

b) umg sich bemühen (um):

run for election kandidieren, sich zur Wahl stellen

5. fig laufen (Blick, Feuer, Finger, Schauer etc):

his eyes ran over it sein Blick überflog es;

run back over the past Rückschau halten;

this tune (idea) keeps running through my head diese Melodie (Idee) geht mir nicht aus dem Kopf

6. fahren:

run before the wind vor dem Winde segeln; → ashore

7. gleiten (Schlitten etc), ziehen, wandern (Wolken etc):

let the skis run die Skier laufen lassen

8. zu den Laichplätzen ziehen oder wandern (Fische)

9. BAHN etc verkehren, (auf einer Strecke) fahren, gehen

10. fließen, strömen (beide auch fig), rinnen:

it runs in the family fig das liegt bei ihnen etc in der Familie; → blood A 1, A 4

11. lauten (Schriftstück):

the letter runs as follows

12. gehen (Melodie)

13. vergehen, -streichen (Zeit etc)

14. dauern:

school runs from 9 to 5; → running B 8

15. laufen (Theaterstück etc), gegeben werden

16. verlaufen (Straße etc, auch Vorgang), sich erstrecken, gehen, führen (Weg etc):

my talent (taste) does not run that way dafür habe ich keine Begabung (keinen Sinn)

17. TECH laufen:

a) gleiten:

the rope runs in a pulley

b) in Betrieb oder Gang sein, arbeiten (Maschine, Motor etc), gehen (Uhr, Mechanismus etc), funktionieren:

run hot (sich) heiß laufen;

with the engine running mit laufendem Motor

18. in Betrieb sein (Hotel, Fabrik etc)

19. zer-, auslaufen (Farbe)

20. triefen oder tropfen ( with vor Nässe etc), fließen, laufen (Nase), tränen (Augen):

run with tears in Tränen schwimmen

21. auslaufen (Gefäß)

22. schmelzen (Metall etc):

running ice tauendes Eis

23. MED laufen, eitern

24. oft run up

a) wachsen, wuchern,

b) klettern, ranken

25. fluten, wogen:

a heavy sea was running SCHIFF es lief eine schwere See

26. besonders US laufen, fallen (Maschen), Laufmaschen bekommen (Strumpf etc), aufgehen (Naht)

27. WIRTSCH

a) laufen

b) fällig werden (Wechsel etc)

28. JUR gelten, in Kraft sein oder bleiben, laufen:

the lease runs for 7 years der Pachtvertrag läuft auf 7 Jahre

29. JUR verbunden oder gekoppelt sein ( with mit)

30. (mit adj und s) werden, sein:

run dry

a) versiegen (Quelle),

b) austrocknen,

c) keine Milch mehr geben (Kuh),

d) fig erschöpft sein,

e) fig sich ausgeschrieben haben (Autor); → high B 1, low¹ A 5, riot A 4, short A 5, A 8, wild B

31. WIRTSCH stehen auf (dat) (Preis, Ware)

32. klein etc ausfallen:

run small

D v/t

1. einen Weg etc laufen, einschlagen, eine Strecke etc durchlaufen (auch fig), zurücklegen:

run its course fig seinen Verlauf nehmen;

things must run their course man muss den Dingen ihren Lauf lassen

2. fahren ( auch SCHIFF), eine Strecke be-, durchfahren:

run 22 knots SCHIFF mit 22 Knoten fahren

3. ein Rennen austragen, laufen, einen Wettlauf machen:

run races Wettrennen veranstalten

4. um die Wette laufen mit, laufen gegen

5. fig sich messen mit:

run sb close dicht herankommen an jemanden (a. fig)

6. ein Pferd

a) treiben, hetzen

b) laufen lassen, (für ein Rennen auch) melden

7. POL jemanden als Kandidaten aufstellen ( for für)

8. JAGD jagen, eine Spur verfolgen (auch fig):

run to earth

a) einen Fuchs im Bau aufstöbern, bis in seinen Bau verfolgen,

b) fig jemanden, etwas aufstöbern, ausfindig machen

9. Botengänge, Besorgungen machen, Botschaften überbringen

10. entfliehen (dat):

run the country außer Landes flüchten

11. passieren:

run the guard ungesehen durch die Wache kommen; → blockade A 1

12. Vieh

a) treiben

b) weiden lassen

13. SCHIFF, BAHN etc fahren oder verkehren lassen, einen Sonderzug etc einsetzen

14. befördern, transportieren

15. Alkohol etc schmuggeln

16. seine Finger etc laufen oder gleiten lassen ( over über akk):

run one’s comb through one’s hair (sich) mit dem Kamm durchs Haar fahren

17. TECH laufen oder rollen oder gleiten lassen

18. einen Film laufen lassen

19. eine Artikelserie etc veröffentlichen, bringen

20. TECH eine Maschine etc laufen lassen, bedienen

21. einen Betrieb etc verwalten, führen, leiten, ein Geschäft, eine Fabrik etc betreiben:

run the household den Haushalt führen oder schmeißen; → show A 15

22. hineingeraten (lassen) in (akk):

run debts Schulden machen;

run the danger of (ger) Gefahr laufen zu (inf); → risk A 1

23. geben, fließen lassen, Wasser etc führen (Leitung):

this faucet runs hot water aus diesem Hahn kommt heißes Wasser

24. Gold etc (mit sich) führen (Fluss)

25. Fieber, Temperatur haben

26. a) Metall schmelzen

b) verschmelzen

c) Blei etc gießen

27. stoßen, stechen ( beide:

through durch): → run into B 1

28. eine Linie, einen Graben etc ziehen, eine Straße etc anlegen, eine Brücke schlagen

29. Bergbau: eine Strecke treiben

30. ELEK eine Leitung verlegen, führen

31. ein Bad, das Badewasser einlaufen lassen

32. schieben, führen ( beide:

through durch): → run into B 2

33. (bei Spielen) eine bestimmte Punktzahl etc hintereinander erzielen:

run fifteen auf fünfzehn (Punkte etc) kommen

34. eine Schleuse öffnen:

run dry leerlaufen lassen

35. eine Naht etc mit Vorderstich nähen, heften

36. jemanden belangen ( for wegen)

* * *
1. noun
1) Lauf, der

go for a run before breakfast — vor dem Frühstück einen Lauf machen

make a late run — (Sport or fig.) zum Endspurt ansetzen

come towards somebody/start off at a run — jemandem entgegenlaufen/losrennen

I've had a good run for my money — ich bin auf meine Kosten gekommen

on the run — auf der Flucht

2) (trip in vehicle) Fahrt, die; (for pleasure) Ausflug, der

on the run down to Cornwall — auf der Fahrt nach Cornwall

go for a run [in the car] — einen [Auto]ausflug machen

3)

she has had a long run of success — sie war lange [Zeit] erfolgreich

have a long run — [Stück, Show:] viele Aufführungen erleben

4) (succession) Serie, die; (Cards) Sequenz, die

a run of victories — eine Siegesserie

5) (tendency) Ablauf, der

the general run of things/events — der Lauf der Dinge/der Gang der Ereignisse

6) (regular route) Strecke, die

7) (Cricket, Baseball) Lauf, der; Run, der

8) (quantity produced) (of book) Auflage, die

production run — Ausstoß, der (Wirtsch.)

9) (demand) Run, der (on auf + Akk.)

10)

the runs — (coll.): (diarrhoea) Durchmarsch, der (salopp)

11) (unrestricted use)

give somebody the run of something — jemandem etwas zu seiner freien Verfügung überlassen

have the run of something — etwas zu seiner freien Verfügung haben

12) (animal enclosure) Auslauf, der
2. intransitive verb,
-nn-, ran, run

1) laufen; (fast also) rennen

run for the bus — laufen od. rennen, um den Bus zu kriegen (ugs.)

run to help somebody — jemandem zu Hilfe eilen

2) (compete) laufen

3) (hurry) laufen

don't run to me when things go wrong — komm mir nicht angelaufen, wenn etwas schiefgeht (ugs.)

run to meet somebody — jemandem entgegenlaufen

4) (roll) laufen; [Ball, Kugel:] rollen, laufen

5) (slide) laufen; [Schlitten, [Schiebe]tür:] gleiten

6) (revolve) [Rad, Maschine:] laufen

7) (flee) davonlaufen

8) (operate on a schedule) fahren

run between two places — [Zug, Bus:] zwischen zwei Orten verkehren

the train is running late — der Zug hat Verspätung

the train doesn't run on Sundays — der Zug verkehrt nicht an Sonntagen

9) (pass cursorily)

run through — überfliegen [Text]

run through one's head or mind — [Gedanken, Ideen:] einem durch den Kopf gehen

run through the various possibilities — die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten durchspielen

10) (flow) laufen; [Fluss:] fließen

run dry — [Fluss:] austrocknen; [Quelle:] versiegen

run low or short — knapp werden; ausgehen

11) (be current) [Vertrag, Theaterstück:] laufen

12) (be present)

run through something — sich durch etwas ziehen

run in the family — [Eigenschaft, Begabung:] in der Familie liegen

13) (function) laufen

keep/leave the engine running — den Motor laufen lassen/nicht abstellen

the machine runs on batteries/oil — etc. die Maschine läuft mit Batterien/Öl usw.

14) (have a course) [Straße, Bahnlinie:] verlaufen

15) (have wording) lauten; [Geschichte:] gehen (fig.)

16) (have certain level)

inflation is running at 15 % — die Inflationsrate beläuft sich auf od. beträgt 15 %

17) (seek election) kandidieren

run for mayor — für das Amt des Bürgermeisters kandidieren

18) (spread quickly)

a shiver ran down my spine — ein Schau[d]er (geh.) lief mir den Rücken hinunter

19) (spread undesirably) [Butter, Eis:] zerlaufen; (in washing) [Farben:] auslaufen

20) (ladder) [Strumpf:] Laufmaschen bekommen
3. transitive verb,
-nn-, ran, run

1) (cause to move) laufen lassen; (drive) fahren

run one's hand/fingers through/along or over something — mit der Hand/den Fingern durch etwas fahren/über etwas (Akk.) streichen

run an or one's eye along or down or over something — (fig.) etwas überfliegen

2) (cause to flow) [ein]laufen lassen

run a bath — ein Bad einlaufen lassen

3) (organize, manage) führen, leiten [Geschäft usw.]; durchführen [Experiment]; veranstalten [Wettbewerb]; führen [Leben]

4) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; verkehren lassen [Verkehrsmittel]; einsetzen [Sonderbus, -zug]; laufen lassen [Motor]; abspielen [Tonband]

run forward/back — vorwärts-/zurückspulen [Film, Tonband]

5) (own and use) sich (Dat.) halten [Auto]

this car is expensive to run — dieses Auto ist im Unterhalt sehr teuer

run a car with defective brakes — ein Auto mit defekten Bremsen fahren

6) (take for journey) fahren

I'll run you into town — ich fahre od. bringe dich in die Stadt

7) (pursue) jagen

run somebody hard or close — jemandem auf den Fersen sein od. sitzen (ugs.)

be run off one's feet — alle Hände voll zu tun haben (ugs.); (in business) Hochbetrieb haben (ugs.); see also earth 1. 4)

8) (complete) laufen [Rennen, Marathon, Strecke]

run messages/errands — Botengänge machen

9)

run a fever/a temperature — Fieber/erhöhte Temperatur haben

10) (publish) bringen (ugs.) [Bericht, Artikel usw.]

Phrasal Verbs:

- run about

- run across

- run after

- run along

- run around

- run away

- run away with

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run off with

- run on

- run out

- run out of

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

* * *

(of a ladder) n.

Leitersprosse f. n.

Fahrt -en f.

Lauf -e m.

Laufmasche f. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: ran, run)

= laufen v.

(§ p.,pp.: lief, ist gelaufen)

rennen v.

(§ p.,pp.: rannte, ist gerannt)

English-german dictionary > run
7 aerodrome

abandoned aerodrome
недействующий аэродром
aerodrome accumulator plant
аэродромная аккумуляторная зарядная станция
aerodrome adverse weather
сложные метеоусловия в районе аэродрома
aerodrome air picture
воздушная обстановка в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome alerting procedure
порядок действий по тревоге на аэродроме
aerodrome alerting service
аэродромная служба аварийного оповещения
aerodrome alert measures
действия по аэродрому при объявлении тревоги
aerodrome alert room
помещение на аэродроме для размещения дежурных экипажей
aerodrome alert status
состояние готовности аэродрома по тревоге, состояние готовности служб аэродрома по тревоге
aerodrome alert system
система объявления тревоги на аэродроме
aerodrome altitude
высота аэродрома
aerodrome approach
подход к зоне аэродрома
aerodrome approach aids
аэродромные средства захода на посадку
aerodrome approach area
зона подхода к аэродрому
aerodrome approach chart
карта подходов к аэродрому
aerodrome approach control system
система управления подходом к аэродрому
aerodrome approach lights
аэродромные огни приближения
aerodrome approach road
подъездная дорога к аэродрому
aerodrome authority
администрация аэродрома
aerodrome beacon
аэродромный маяк
aerodrome boundary
граница аэродрома
aerodrome calm
отсутствие ветра в районе
aerodrome category
категория аэродрома
aerodrome chart
схема аэродрома
aerodrome check point
контрольная точка аэродрома
aerodrome checkpoint
контрольная площадка на аэродроме
aerodrome check-point sign
указатель контрольного ориентира аэродрома
aerodrome circle
круг полета над аэродромом
aerodrome circling
полет по кругу над аэродромом
aerodrome circuit
круг полета над аэродромом
aerodrome circuit-circling
полет по кругу над аэродромом
aerodrome climatographical table
аэродромная метеорологическая таблица
aerodrome climatological summary
аэродромная метеосводка
aerodrome complex
аэродромный комплекс
aerodrome conditions
аэродромная обстановка
aerodrome control
управление в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome control communication
аэродромная командная связь
aerodrome controlled zone
зона, контролируемая авиадиспетчерской службой аэродрома
aerodrome controller
диспетчер аэродрома
aerodrome control point
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome control radar
диспетчерский аэродромный радиолокатор
aerodrome control radio
аэродромная радиостанция командной связи
aerodrome control sector
зона контроля аэродрома диспетчерской службой
aerodrome control service
служба управления движением в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome control tower
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome control tower clearance
разрешение аэродромного диспетчерского пункта
aerodrome control unit
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome culture
искусственные сооружения в районе аэродрома
aerodrome directory
справочник по аэродромам
aerodrome drainage
дренаж аэродрома
aerodrome drainage system
дренажная система аэродрома
aerodrome elevation
превышение аэродрома
aerodrome emergency
аварийная обстановка на аэродроме
aerodrome emergency exercise
отработка действий на случай аварийной обстановки в аэропорту
aerodrome emergency planning
разработка мероприятий на случай аварийной обстановки на аэродроме
aerodrome emergency service
аэродромная аварийная служба
aerodrome engineering
проектирование и строительство аэродромов
aerodrome engineering instructor
советник по проектированию и строительству аэродромов
aerodrome environment
условия в районе аэродрома
aerodrome environs
приаэродромная территория
aerodrome fencing
ограждение аэродрома
aerodrome flight information service
аэродромная служба полетной информации
aerodrome forecast
прогноз по аэродрому
aerodrome forecast material
метеоданные по аэродрому
aerodrome graded area
спланированный участок аэродрома
aerodrome ground profile
профиль местности в районе аэродрома
aerodrome ground signal
наземный аэродромный сигнал
aerodrome ground visibility
видимость у земли в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome handing capacity
пропускная способность аэродрома
aerodrome hazard beacon
аэродромный заградительный маяк
aerodrome identification
опознавание аэродрома
aerodrome identification sign
опознавательный знак аэродрома
aerodrome in question
указанный аэродром
aerodrome ladndmark
наземный аэродромный ориентир
aerodrome lavatory track
аэродромный ассенизатор
aerodrome lavatory truck
аэродромный ассенизатор
aerodrome layout
схема аэродрома
aerodrome level
высота аэродрома
aerodrome lighting
аэродромное светосигнальное оборудование
aerodrome locating beacon
аэродромный приводной маяк
aerodrome marking system
система маркировки аэродрома
aerodrome marshaller
аэродромный сигнальщик
aerodrome master plan
генеральный план аэродрома
aerodrome meteorological minima
метеорологический минимум аэродрома
aerodrome minima
минимум аэродрома
aerodrome movement area
зона движения воздушных судов
aerodrome network
аэродромная сеть
aerodrome observation
наблюдение за аэродромом
aerodrome obstruction chart
карта аэродромных препятствий
aerodrome of call
аэродром выхода на радиосвязь
aerodrome of departure
аэродром вылета
aerodrome of intended landing
аэродром предполагаемой посадки
aerodrome of origin
аэродром приписки
aerodrome operating minima
эксплуатационный минимум аэродрома
aerodrome operation
эксплуатация аэродрома
aerodrome pavement
аэродромное покрытие
aerodrome pressure
давление на аэродроме
aerodrome reference code
кодовое обозначение аэродрома
aerodrome reference point
контрольный ориентир аэродрома
aerodrome reference temperature
расчетная температура воздуха
aerodrome report
сводка по аэродрому
aerodrome rules
руководство по производству полетов в зоне аэродрома
Aerodromes, Air Routes and Ground Aids Section
Секция аэродромов, воздушных трасс и наземных средств
(ИКАО) aerodrome security lighting
светосигнальное оборудование аэродрома для обеспечения безопасности
aerodrome service
аэродромное обслуживание
(диспетчерское) aerodrome service road
служебная дорога на аэродроме
aerodrome site
район размещения аэродрома
aerodrome snow windrow
снежные заносы на аэродроме
aerodrome strip
летная полоса аэродрома
aerodrome strip marker
указатель летной полосы аэродрома
aerodrome surveillance radar
обзорный аэродромный радиолокатор
aerodrome taxi circuit
схема руления по аэродрому
aerodrome traffic
движение в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome traffic circuit
аэродромный круг полетов
aerodrome traffic circuit operation
полет по кругу в районе аэродрома
aerodrome traffic control zone
зона аэродромного управления воздушным движением
aerodrome traffic pattern
схема движения в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome traffic zone
зона движения в районе аэродрома
aerodrome usability
степень загрузки аэродрома
aerodrome usability factor
коэффициент использования аэродрома
aerodrome utilization factor
коэффициент использования аэродрома
aerodrome utilization rate
степень использования аэродрома
aerodrome vehicle operation
эксплуатация аэродромных транспортных средств
aerodrome visual aids
аэродромные визуальные средства
aerodrome warning
предупреждение по аэродрому
aerodrome wind distribution
роза ветров аэродрома
aerodrome wind rose
роза ветров аэродрома
aerodrome wind shift
изменение направления ветра в районе аэродрома
aerodrome wind sock
аэродромный ветроуказатель
all-weather aerodrome
всепогодный аэродром
alternate aerodrome
запасный аэродром
arrival aerodrome
аэродром прилета
arrive over the aerodrome
прибывать в зону аэродрома
auxiliary aerodrome
дополнительный аэродром
base aerodrome
аэродром постоянного базирования
carry out a circuit of the aerodrome
выполнять круг полета над аэродромом
categorized aerodrome
категорированный аэродром
circle the aerodrome
летать по кругу над аэродромом
civil aerodrome
гражданский аэродром
coastal aerodrome
береговой аэродром
concrete-surfaced aerodrome
аэродром с бетонным покрытием
controlled aerodrome
аэродром с командно-диспетчерской службой
debarkation aerodrome
аэродром выгрузки
depot aerodrome
базовый аэродром
destination aerodrome
аэродром назначения
domestic aerodrome
аэродром местных воздушных линий
embarkation aerodrome
аэродром погрузки
emergency aerodrome
аэродром вынужденной посадки
en-route aerodrome
аэродром на трассе полета
entry into the aerodrome zone
вход в зону аэродрома
factory aerodrome
заводской аэродром
familiar aerodrome
облетанный аэродром
final aerodrome
конечный аэродром
fog-plagued aerodrome
аэродром, имеющий частые туманы
get into the aerodrome
приземляться на аэродроме
given aerodrome
указанный аэродром
grass aerodrome
аэродром с травяным покрытием
hard surface aerodrome
аэродром с твердым покрытием
helicopter aerodrome
вертодром
high-level aerodrome
горный аэродром
home aerodrome
аэродром приписки
identify the aerodrome from the air
опознавать аэродром с воздуха
intermediate aerodrome
промежуточный аэродром
jet aerodrome
аэродром для реактивных воздушных судов
joint civil and military aerodrome
аэродром совместного базирования гражданского и военных воздушных судов
key aerodrome
узловой аэродром
land aerodrome
сухопутный аэродром
landing aerodrome
аэродром посадки
landing off the aerodrome
посадка вне аэродрома
layout of aerodrome markings
маркировка аэродрома
local aerodrome
аэродром местного значения
logistics aerodrome
аэродром материально-технического обеспечения
main aerodrome
главный аэродром
military aerodrome
военный аэродром
municipal commercial aerodrome
муниципальный аэродром для коммерческой авиации
nonradar aerodrome
аэродром без радиолокационных средств
operate from the aerodrome
выполнять полеты с аэродрома
operational aerodrome
оперативный аэродром
participating aerodrome
задействованный аэродром
permanent aerodrome
стационарный аэродром
principal aerodrome
основной аэродром
provisional aerodrome
временный аэродром
receiving aerodrome
аэродром прилета
refuelling aerodrome
аэродром, обеспечивающий заправку топливом
regular aerodrome
регулярный аэродром
reserve aerodrome
резервный аэродром
rigid pavement aerodrome
аэродром с жестким покрытием
satellite aerodrome
вспомогательный аэродром
supplementary aerodrome
дополнительный аэродром
takeoff aerodrome
аэродром вылета
temporary aerodrome
временный аэродром
terminal aerodrome
конечный аэродром
test aerodrome
испытательный аэродром
training aerodrome
учебный аэродром
uncontrolled aerodrome
аэродром без командно-диспетчерской службы
unfamiliar aerodrome
необлетанный аэродром
unmarked aerodrome obstructions
немаркируемые аэродромные препятствия
unpaved aerodrome
грунтовой аэродром
X-type aerodrome
аэродром с перекрещивающимися ВПП

English-Russian aviation dictionary > aerodrome
8 PAP

1) Общая лексика: параметры, котрые пациент учитывает для оценки способа лечения (http://moscow-translator.ru/medical-translation Patient Acceptability Parameters Примеры параметров: боль, комфорт, время госпитализации, последствия, осложнения, скрость заживления)

2) Медицина: papanicolaou stain, положительное давление в дыхательных путях, positive airway pressure

3) Американизм: Progress And Planning, Purchase Assistance Program

4) Спорт: Pitcher Abuse Points

5) Военный термин: Positive Air Pressure, personnel allocation plan, personnel assistance point, pierced aluminum plank, pilotless aircraft program, production assurance plan

6) Техника: plant administrative procedure, power ascension program

7) Бухгалтерия: Pay And Pay

8) Страхование: personal auto policy

9) География: Port-au-Prince

10) Телекоммуникации: Process/Application Protocol, public access point, Password Authentication Protocol (PPP)

11) Сокращение: Plans Activation Party (NATO), Polska Agencja Prasowa (agency, Poland), pulmonary artery pressure, Processed Agricultural Products (also known as Non-Annex I products)

12) Физиология: Papanicolaou, Patient Assistance Program, Pre Anaesthetic Profile, Prostate Acid Phosphatase, Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

13) Электроника: People's Action Party

14) Вычислительная техника: Personal Animation Recorder, Printer Access Protocol; Password Authentication Protocol, Printer Access Protocol (AppleTalk), Password Authentication Protocol (RFC 1334), password authentication protocol

15) Иммунология: Prostatic Acid Phosphatase

16) Биохимия: Peroxidase Antiperoxidase, p-Formaldehyde-Picric Acid

17) Фирменный знак: Porsche Audi Parts

18) Сетевые технологии: протокол аутентификации по паролю, протокол доступа к принтеру, протокол управления принтером

19) Полимеры: p-aminophenol

20) Безопасность: Password Authentication Profile, Proprietary Authentication Protocol

21) Расширение файла: Packet-level Procedure, Printer Access Protocol

22) Hi-Fi. Picture-And-Picture

23) NYSE. Asia Pulp & Paper, LTD.

24) Аэропорты: Port au Prince, Haiti

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PAP
9 Pap

1) Общая лексика: параметры, котрые пациент учитывает для оценки способа лечения (http://moscow-translator.ru/medical-translation Patient Acceptability Parameters Примеры параметров: боль, комфорт, время госпитализации, последствия, осложнения, скрость заживления)

2) Медицина: papanicolaou stain, положительное давление в дыхательных путях, positive airway pressure

3) Американизм: Progress And Planning, Purchase Assistance Program

4) Спорт: Pitcher Abuse Points

5) Военный термин: Positive Air Pressure, personnel allocation plan, personnel assistance point, pierced aluminum plank, pilotless aircraft program, production assurance plan

6) Техника: plant administrative procedure, power ascension program

7) Бухгалтерия: Pay And Pay

8) Страхование: personal auto policy

9) География: Port-au-Prince

10) Телекоммуникации: Process/Application Protocol, public access point, Password Authentication Protocol (PPP)

11) Сокращение: Plans Activation Party (NATO), Polska Agencja Prasowa (agency, Poland), pulmonary artery pressure, Processed Agricultural Products (also known as Non-Annex I products)

12) Физиология: Papanicolaou, Patient Assistance Program, Pre Anaesthetic Profile, Prostate Acid Phosphatase, Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

13) Электроника: People's Action Party

14) Вычислительная техника: Personal Animation Recorder, Printer Access Protocol; Password Authentication Protocol, Printer Access Protocol (AppleTalk), Password Authentication Protocol (RFC 1334), password authentication protocol

15) Иммунология: Prostatic Acid Phosphatase

16) Биохимия: Peroxidase Antiperoxidase, p-Formaldehyde-Picric Acid

17) Фирменный знак: Porsche Audi Parts

18) Сетевые технологии: протокол аутентификации по паролю, протокол доступа к принтеру, протокол управления принтером

19) Полимеры: p-aminophenol

20) Безопасность: Password Authentication Profile, Proprietary Authentication Protocol

21) Расширение файла: Packet-level Procedure, Printer Access Protocol

22) Hi-Fi. Picture-And-Picture

23) NYSE. Asia Pulp & Paper, LTD.

24) Аэропорты: Port au Prince, Haiti

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Pap
10 pap

1) Общая лексика: параметры, котрые пациент учитывает для оценки способа лечения (http://moscow-translator.ru/medical-translation Patient Acceptability Parameters Примеры параметров: боль, комфорт, время госпитализации, последствия, осложнения, скрость заживления)

2) Медицина: papanicolaou stain, положительное давление в дыхательных путях, positive airway pressure

3) Американизм: Progress And Planning, Purchase Assistance Program

4) Спорт: Pitcher Abuse Points

5) Военный термин: Positive Air Pressure, personnel allocation plan, personnel assistance point, pierced aluminum plank, pilotless aircraft program, production assurance plan

6) Техника: plant administrative procedure, power ascension program

7) Бухгалтерия: Pay And Pay

8) Страхование: personal auto policy

9) География: Port-au-Prince

10) Телекоммуникации: Process/Application Protocol, public access point, Password Authentication Protocol (PPP)

11) Сокращение: Plans Activation Party (NATO), Polska Agencja Prasowa (agency, Poland), pulmonary artery pressure, Processed Agricultural Products (also known as Non-Annex I products)

12) Физиология: Papanicolaou, Patient Assistance Program, Pre Anaesthetic Profile, Prostate Acid Phosphatase, Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

13) Электроника: People's Action Party

14) Вычислительная техника: Personal Animation Recorder, Printer Access Protocol; Password Authentication Protocol, Printer Access Protocol (AppleTalk), Password Authentication Protocol (RFC 1334), password authentication protocol

15) Иммунология: Prostatic Acid Phosphatase

16) Биохимия: Peroxidase Antiperoxidase, p-Formaldehyde-Picric Acid

17) Фирменный знак: Porsche Audi Parts

18) Сетевые технологии: протокол аутентификации по паролю, протокол доступа к принтеру, протокол управления принтером

19) Полимеры: p-aminophenol

20) Безопасность: Password Authentication Profile, Proprietary Authentication Protocol

21) Расширение файла: Packet-level Procedure, Printer Access Protocol

22) Hi-Fi. Picture-And-Picture

23) NYSE. Asia Pulp & Paper, LTD.

24) Аэропорты: Port au Prince, Haiti

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pap
11 management

(mgt; mngmt; man)

мен. 1. n менеджмент; управління; керівництво; адміністрація; дирекція; a адміністративний; управлінський; виконавчий; 2. менеджмент; адміністрація; дирекція

1. система методів, заходів, дій, необхідних для формулювання, виконання і досягнення визначеної мети діяльності підприємства, організації тощо; ♦ менеджмент включає такі види діяльності: планування (planning), контроль процесу роботи, заохочення працівників, членів і т. ін., координацію завдань тощо; 2. склад осіб, який займається управлінням підприємством, організацією тощо

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account management управління службою виконання замовлень клієнтів • завідування рахунками; accountability management програмно-цільове управління • управління методом оцінки ефективності; administrative management адміністративне керівництво; advertising management управління рекламою • управління рекламною діяльністю; assets management управління активами; automated management автоматизоване управління; automated production management автоматизоване управління виробництвом; bottom up management керівництво підприємством з участю робітників • управління за принципом «зверху — вниз»; brand management управління виробництвом товарної марки; business management ділове управління • управління комерційними підприємствами; cash management контроль і регулювання грошових операцій; central management центральне управління; centralized management централізоване управління; channel management управління каналом розподілу; commercial management комерційне управління; company management керівництво фірми • керівництво компанії; computer-assisted management автоматизоване управління; construction management управління будівництвом; contract management контроль і регулювання виконання контракту • контроль за виконанням контракту; corporate management керівництво корпорації • керівництво акціонерного товариства • управління корпорацією; creative management творче керівництво; credit management управління кредитними операціями; data management опрацювання даних; database management управління базою даних; day-to-day management оперативне управління; debt management контроль і регулювання боргів; demand management контроль і регулювання попиту • управління попитом; departmental management управління відділом; economic management господарське управління; environmental management заходи раціонального користування навколишнім середовищем; event management організація і провадження спеціальних заходів; executive management адміністративне керівництво • виконавче керівництво; exhibition management адміністрація виставки; factory management керівництво фабрики • керівництво заводу • заводоуправління; farm management управління сільськогосподарським виробництвом; farm production management управління сільськогосподарським виробництвом; file management управління файлами • управління картотекою; financial management управління фінансовою діяльністю • управління фінансами; functional management функціональне керівництво • функціональний менеджмент • функціональне управління; fund management менеджмент фонду • управління фондом; general management загальне керівництво; general economic management загальне господарське керівництво; goals management програмно-цільове управління • управління методом оцінки ефективності; hands-on management практичне керівництво; higher management вище керівництво • вища ланка керівництва; home management ведення домашнього господарства; human resource management управління людськими ресурсами • менеджмент людських ресурсів; incumbent management керівництво, яке несе відповідальність за що-небудь; industrial management керівництво промисловим підприємством • економіка й організація виробництва; information management керівництво інформацією; interest rate risk management управління ризиком відсотків; internal management внутрішнє управління; inventory management управління запасами • управління матеріально-технічним постачанням; investment management управління інвестиціями • управління портфелем цінних паперів; job management організація праці; joint management спільне управління; line management лінійне керівництво • середня ланка управління • середня ланка керівництва на виробництві; lower management нижча ланка керівництва; manpower management управління кадрами; marketing management управління маркетингом; materials management управління матеріальними ресурсами • управління запасами • управління матеріально-технічним постачанням; matrix management матрична структура управління; media management керівництво служби засобів реклами; merchandise management управління товарними засобами; middle management середня адміністративна ланка • середня ланка управління; monetary management контроль і регулювання грошового обігу • грошово-кредитна політика • контроль і регулювання грошових операцій; natural resource management раціональне використання і відтворення природних ресурсів; nature management природокористування; nutritional management лікувальне харчування • дієтотерапія; on-site management місцеве керівництво; operational management оперативне керівництво; operations management управління основною діяльністю • управління операціями; participative management управління підприємством за участю працівників підприємства; pension fund management управління пенсійним фондом; personnel management управління кадрами • робота з кадрами • добір і розміщення кадрів • трудові відносини; piecemeal management порізнене керівництво • неузгоджене керівництво; plant management управління підприємством • керівництво підприємством • заводоуправління • управління фабрикою • дирекція заводу; port management управління портом; portfolio management управління цінними паперами • контроль і регулювання портфеля цінних паперів • менеджмент портфеля цінних паперів; product management керівництво виробництвом окремого товару • управління продуктом • управління товарним виробництвом; production management управління виробництвом • керування виробництвом; professional management професійне керівництво • професійний менеджмент; program management програмне управління • керівництво програмою; project management керівництво проектом; property management управління власністю; quality management управління якістю; rate management регулювання тарифів; records management оперативний облік; research management управління дослідницькою службою; resource management управління ресурсами; retail management управління підприємством роздрібної торгівлі; retailing management управління роздрібною діяльністю; risk management управління ризиком • управління, націлене на зменшення ризику; sales management управління збутом; sales-force management управління торговельним персоналом • організація роботи торговельного персоналу фірми; scientific management наукове управління; sectoral management галузеве управління; selective inventory management вибіркове управління запасами; senior management вище керівництво • вище виконавче керівництво • вища адміністрація • вища ланка управління • головне управління; service management забезпечення обслуговування споживача; social management соціальний аспект управління; staff management управління кадрами • функціональне керівництво; stock management управління запасами; system management системне керівництво; team management колективне керівництво; technical management технічне керівництво; technical services management управління технічними службами; technology management управління технологією; territory management управління територією • управління збутовою територією • організація роботи на території; time management уміння розпоряджатися часом • управління часом; top management вище керівництво • вище виконавче керівництво • вища адміністрація • вища ланка управління • головне управління; total quality management (TQM) всеосяжне управління якістю • комплексне управління якістю; upper management вище керівництво • вище виконавче керівництво • вища адміністрація • вища ланка управління; venture management цільове управління; waste management використання відходів; works management управління підприємством • керівництво підприємства • заводоуправління • управління фабрикою • дирекція заводу; zero-defects management управління методом бездефектності

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management accountancy поточний аналіз господарської діяльності; management accountant; management accounting адміністративна звітність • оперативний облік, який пов'язаний з потребами управління • управлінський облік • виконавчий облік; management accounts адміністративні розрахунки • управлінський облік; management agreement угода з адміністрацією; management and administration організація виробництва і адміністративне управління; management and labour управлінський і виробничий персонал; management audit; management body орган управління; management buy-in купівля контрольного пакета акцій компанії • купівля компанії акціонерами; management buyout викуп контрольного пакета акцій корпорації її персоналом • викуп частини конгломерату для створення самостійної компанії • продаж фірми адміністрацією; management by consensus управління на основі згоди; management by differences управління за відхиленнями (дії керівництва, що відновлюють нормальний процес виробничої діяльності у разі появи відхилень); management by exception управління за відхиленнями; management by interest rates управління шляхом контролю відсоткових ставок; management by objectives (MBO) програмно-цільове управління • управління методом оцінки ефективності; management by results програмно-цільове управління • управління методом оцінки ефективності; management by rules управління за встановленими правилами; management commission адміністративна комісія; management committee адміністративний комітет; management consultancy консультування у справі управління • послуги з управлінського консультування; management consultant консультант у справі управління; management control measures заходи управлінського контролю; management decision рішення менеджменту • рішення управління; management development удосконалення методів управління; management expenses витрати на управління • управлінські витрати; management fee гонорар за управлінські послуги; management game управлінська гра; management group група управління • адміністративна група; management information system (MIS) управлінська інформаційна система; management level рівень менеджменту • рівень управління; management method метод управління; management of assets управління активами; management of bank funds управління банківськими фондами • розміщення банківських капіталів; management of capital управління капіталом; management of consumer wants управління споживчими потребами; management of economic activity управління господарською діяльністю; management of an enterprise управління підприємством; management of foreign economic ties управління зовнішньоекономічними зв'язками; management of liquid funds управління ліквідними фондами; management of production управління виробництвом; management of securities регулювання портфеля цінних паперів; management personnel адміністративно-управлінський апарат • управлінський персонал; management policy політика керівництва • стратегія керівництва; management principle управлінський принцип; management reform реформа управління; management reshuffle перестановка управлінського апарату; management services управлінські послуги; management shakeup перестановка управлінського апарату; management shares акціонерний капітал керівників компанії; management stock акціонерний капітал керівників компанії; management structure структура управління; management tools засоби і методика управління; management unit адміністративний підрозділ; to interfere in the management of втручатися/втрутитися в управління чим-небудь; to take over management приймати/прийняти на себе керівництво • приймати/прийняти на себе управління

* * *

керівники банку; дирекція; органи управління; адміністрація ( компанії); керівництво ( підприємства); управлінські навички; виконавчі органи; управління; керівники виконавчих органів

The English-Ukrainian Dictionary > management
12 Hamilton, Harold Lee (Hal)

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 14 June 1890 Little Shasta, California, USA

d. 3 May 1969 California, USA

[br]

American pioneer of diesel rail traction.

[br]

Orphaned as a child, Hamilton went to work for Southern Pacific Railroad in his teens, and then worked for several other companies. In his spare time he learned mathematics and physics from a retired professor. In 1911 he joined the White Motor Company, makers of road motor vehicles in Denver, Colorado, where he had gone to recuperate from malaria. He remained there until 1922, apart from an eighteenth-month break for war service.

Upon his return from war service, Hamilton found White selling petrol-engined railbuses with mechanical transmission, based on road vehicles, to railways. He noted that they were not robust enough and that the success of petrol railcars with electric transmission, built by General Electric since 1906, was limited as they were complex to drive and maintain. In 1922 Hamilton formed, and became President of, the Electro- Motive Engineering Corporation (later Electro-Motive Corporation) to design and produce petrol-electric rail cars. Needing an engine larger than those used in road vehicles, yet lighter and faster than marine engines, he approached the Win ton Engine Company to develop a suitable engine; in addition, General Electric provided electric transmission with a simplified control system. Using these components, Hamilton arranged for his petrol-electric railcars to be built by the St Louis Car Company, with the first being completed in 1924. It was the beginning of a highly successful series. Fuel costs were lower than for steam trains and initial costs were kept down by using standardized vehicles instead of designing for individual railways. Maintenance costs were minimized because Electro-Motive kept stocks of spare parts and supplied replacement units when necessary. As more powerful, 800 hp (600 kW) railcars were produced, railways tended to use them to haul trailer vehicles, although that practice reduced the fuel saving. By the end of the decade Electro-Motive needed engines more powerful still and therefore had to use cheap fuel. Diesel engines of the period, such as those that Winton had made for some years, were too heavy in relation to their power, and too slow and sluggish for rail use. Their fuel-injection system was erratic and insufficiently robust and Hamilton concluded that a separate injector was needed for each cylinder.

In 1930 Electro-Motive Corporation and Winton were acquired by General Motors in pursuance of their aim to develop a diesel engine suitable for rail traction, with the use of unit fuel injectors; Hamilton retained his position as President. At this time, industrial depression had combined with road and air competition to undermine railway-passenger business, and Ralph Budd, President of the Chicago, Burlington \& Quincy Railroad, thought that traffic could be recovered by way of high-speed, luxury motor trains; hence the Pioneer Zephyr was built for the Burlington. This comprised a 600 hp (450 kW), lightweight, two-stroke, diesel engine developed by General Motors (model 201 A), with electric transmission, that powered a streamlined train of three articulated coaches. This train demonstrated its powers on 26 May 1934 by running non-stop from Denver to Chicago, a distance of 1,015 miles (1,635 km), in 13 hours and 6 minutes, when the fastest steam schedule was 26 hours. Hamilton and Budd were among those on board the train, and it ushered in an era of high-speed diesel trains in the USA. By then Hamilton, with General Motors backing, was planning to use the lightweight engine to power diesel-electric locomotives. Their layout was derived not from steam locomotives, but from the standard American boxcar. The power plant was mounted within the body and powered the bogies, and driver's cabs were at each end. Two 900 hp (670 kW) engines were mounted in a single car to become an 1,800 hp (l,340 kW) locomotive, which could be operated in multiple by a single driver to form a 3,600 hp (2,680 kW) locomotive. To keep costs down, standard locomotives could be mass-produced rather than needing individual designs for each railway, as with steam locomotives. Two units of this type were completed in 1935 and sent on trial throughout much of the USA. They were able to match steam locomotive performance, with considerable economies: fuel costs alone were halved and there was much less wear on the track. In the same year, Electro-Motive began manufacturing diesel-electrie locomotives at La Grange, Illinois, with design modifications: the driver was placed high up above a projecting nose, which improved visibility and provided protection in the event of collision on unguarded level crossings; six-wheeled bogies were introduced, to reduce axle loading and improve stability. The first production passenger locomotives emerged from La Grange in 1937, and by early 1939 seventy units were in service. Meanwhile, improved engines had been developed and were being made at La Grange, and late in 1939 a prototype, four-unit, 5,400 hp (4,000 kW) diesel-electric locomotive for freight trains was produced and sent out on test from coast to coast; production versions appeared late in 1940. After an interval from 1941 to 1943, when Electro-Motive produced diesel engines for military and naval use, locomotive production resumed in quantity in 1944, and within a few years diesel power replaced steam on most railways in the USA.

Hal Hamilton remained President of Electro-Motive Corporation until 1942, when it became a division of General Motors, of which he became Vice-President.

[br]

Further Reading

P.M.Reck, 1948, On Time: The History of the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors Corporation, La Grange, Ill.: General Motors (describes Hamilton's career).

PJGR

Biographical history of technology > Hamilton, Harold Lee (Hal)

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plant-level planning

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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plant-level planning

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